Membrane electrolysis—History, current status and perspective

Abstract

Please cite this article as: M.Paidar, V.Fateev, K.Bouzek, Membrane electrolysis − history, current status and perspective, Electrochimica Acta http://dx. AbstractThis review is devoted to membrane electrolysis, in particular utilizing ion-selective membranes, as an important part of both existing and emerging industrial electrochemical processes. It aims to provide fundamental information on the history and development, current status and future perspectives of membrane electrolysis. It aims to provide fundamental information on the history and development, current status and future perspectives of membrane electrolysis. An overview of the history of electromembrane processes is given with the focus on brine electrolysis since it is the predominant electrochemical industrial technology utilizing ion-selective membranes. This is followed by a summary of the wide range of hydrogen-based energy conversion processes with different degrees of maturity, i.e. water electrolysis and fuel cells, which promise to become the next generation of major electromembrane processes. The overview of the state-of-the-art is rounded off by a number of smaller-scale processes utilizing ionically conducting solid electrolytes and ion-selective membranes that are already commercially available. The article concludes by considering potential future developments in this exciting field of electrochemistry.

Highly Porous Hypercrosslinked Polymers Derived from Biobased Molecules

“…Today roughlyh alf of all Cl 2 is produced by membrane cells. [24] Scrap iron is already used as as ource of iron. [25] FeCl 3 can potentially be recycled, as indicated by studies on sludge from water treatment [26] and spent AlCl 3 alkylation sludge.…”

Electrodialytic processes in solid matrices. New insights into battery recycling. A review

“…This application involves the development of homogeneous membranes with very low electrical resistance. Although this kind of membrane was first proposed by Ionics Inc. in 1951–1953, it was not used at industrial scale until 1975 by the Japanese company Asahi Chemicals …”

“…Although this kind of membrane was first proposed by Ionics Inc. in 1951-1953, it was not used at industrial scale until 1975 by the Japanese company Asahi Chemicals. 8 Besides the desalination of saline solutions, currently the most relevant use of ED at industrial scale, other applications are being developed. Some examples are purification, modification and concentration of food, 1 production of organic acids, 9 desalination of coal mine brine, 10 treatment of industrial effluents, 11 demineralization of whey, 12,13 production of ultrapure water 14 and recovery of lithium from brine.…”

Synthetic Organic Electrochemistry: Calling All Engineers

“…[35] Prototypes of divided cells were devised in 1898 which circumvented the problem of interfering anodic and cathodic reactions. [36] The first polarography and cyclic voltammetry experiments were conceived in 1922 [37] and 1952 [38] respectively, allowing the accurate determination of redox potentials of various functionalities. However, these technologies have yet to be integrated into a tailor-made device for laboratory electrosynthesis.…”

“…[35] Prototypes of divided cells were devised in 1898 which circumvented the problem of interfering anodic and cathodic reactions. [36] The first polarography and cyclic voltammetry experiments were conceived in 1922 [37] and 1952 [38] respectively,a llowing the accurate determination of redox potentials of various functionalities.H owever,t hese technologies have yet to be integrated into at ailor-made device for laboratory electrosynthesis.Asaresult, chemists are required to engineer their own setups prior to attempting any electrochemical experiments.O ne of us (P.S.B.) still vividly recalls the painstaking experience motivating students to pick up asoldering gun and work out the (relatively) complex engineering problems.…”