Highly Porous Hypercrosslinked Polymers Derived from Biobased Molecules

Abstract

FredrikB jçrnerbäck andN iklas Hedin* [a] Highly porousa nd hyper-cross-linked polymers (HCPs) have a range of applications and are typicallys ynthesized in an unsustainable manner.H erein, HCPs were synthesized from abundant biobased or biorelatedc ompounds in sulfolane with iron(III) chloride as Lewis acid catalyst. As reactants, quercetin, tannic acid, phenol, 1,4-dimethoxybenzene, glucose, and a commercial bark extract wereu sed. The HCPs had high CO 2 uptake (up to 3.94 mmol g À1 at 0 8Ca nd 1bar), total pore volumes (up to 1.86 cm 3 g À1 ), and specific surfacea reas (up to 1440 m 2 g À1 ). 1 HNMR, 13 CNMR, and IR spectroscopy,w ideangle X-ray scattering, elementala nalysis, and SEM revealed, for example, that the HCPs consisted of amorphous and crosslinked aromatic and phenolic structures with significant contents of aliphatics, oxygen, and sulfur.[a] Dr.

Flow synthesis of hypercrosslinked polymers with additional microporosity that enhances CO2/N2separation

“…This indicated that -CH 2 CH 2crosslinks were also formed in the externally crosslinked HCP. The presence of newly formed crosslinking methylene bridges in these HCPs was also validated with 13 C-NMR.…”

“…This was achieved with an ATR-FTIR (Nicolet iS10 with Smart iTX Diamond accessory, Thermo Fisher Scientic, Waltham, MA) with 64 scans per sample and a resolution of 0.48 cm −1 . The chemical structures of the synthesised HCPs were validated with solid-state 13 C cross polarisation (CP) magic angle spinning (MAS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy using a Bruker Avance III spectrometer with a 9.4 T superconducting magnet.…”

“…The chemical structures of these HCPs were characterised and validated with FTIR and 13 C-NMR analyses. HCPs synthesised in batch reactors were used as control materials.…”

“…The study was proposed by C. H. L. The conceptualised idea was discussed between N. C. and C. H. L. The synthesis process was conducted by N. C. The contribution of N 2 gas analysis characterisation was shared between L. D. and A. J. F. FTIR characterisation was conducted by S. L. and S. S. 13…”

“…Most studies in this eld are focused on developing new HCP materials with unprecedented adsorption capacity, 11,12 identifying alternative reagents (solvents, monomers) for the sustainable synthesis of HCPs, 13 and improving batch productivity rates. 14 For example, low HCP productivity rates production can be improved by reducing synthesis time from 24 hours to 5-35 minutes via solvent-free mechanochemical ball milling and liquid-assisted grinding.…”