CF4 plasma modified highly interconnective porous polysulfone membranes for direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD)

Anti-wetting behavior of negatively charged superhydrophobic PVDF membranes in direct contact membrane distillation of emulsified wastewaters

“…The modified membranes showed enhanced flux and performance stability than the virgin ones. Enlarged evaporation surface area was ascribed to the observed higher MD flux, which was hydrothermally attributed to the "lift-up" effect of the superhydrophobic surface [17,31]. An innovative hydrophobic membrane has been prepared by Figoli and coworkers using coating of perfluoropolyether on commercial hydrophilic membranes [33].…”

“…), and module design [14], in addition to the membrane attributes including morphology (porosity, pore size and distribution, tortuosity, pore connectivity), chemical physical characteristics, and surface wettability. Among above mentioned parameters, the membrane characteristics are crucial since the optimization of resistance of porous structure will improve significantly MD flux [15][16][17][18][19]. Besides, membrane wetting, which frequently originated from membrane fouling, has always been considered a major problem in the MD process.…”

Preparation of PVDF-CTFE hydrophobic membranes for MD application: Effect of LiCl-based mixed additives

“…However, the salt rejection was higher than 99.9% under each operation temperature. Based on the performance under different temperature, a comparison with the flat-sheet membranes reported in the recent four years was carried out and listed in Table 6 [31,[48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61]. It can be found that the PVDF-CTFE membrane prepared in this work presented higher permeate flux in MD desalination application except PES and PSf membranes modified by CF4 plasma.…”

Graphene/PVDF flat-sheet membrane for the treatment of RO brine from coal seam gas produced water by air gap membrane distillation

“…However, current phase inverted membranes still suffers from low hydrophobicity and low porosity [10], which consequently affect the membrane permeability and rejection. Several membrane design and surface modification techniques have been carried out to enhance the membrane properties such as plasma treatment [11], addition of pore additives (e.g. polyethylene glycol) [12] and incorporation of inorganic nanoparticles such as clay [13], calcium carbonate [14], CuO [15], carbon nanotube [16,17] and activated carbon [18].…”