Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis Risk Factors

Abstract

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis is an uncommon disease marked by clotting of blood in cerebral venous, or dural sinuses, and, in rare cases, cortical veins. It is a rare but potentially fatal cause of acute neurological deterioration previously related to otomastoid, orbit, and central face cutaneous infections. After the advent of antibiotics, it is more often related to neoplasm, pregnancy, puerperium, systemic diseases, dehydration, intracranial tumors, oral contraceptives, and coagulopathies are the most common causes, but in 30% of cases no underlying etiology can be identified. It has been found in association with fibrous thyroiditis, jugular thrombosis after catheterization, or idiopathic jugular vein stenosis. Other factors include surgery, head trauma, arterio-venous malformations, infection, paraneoplastic, and autoimmune disease. This article presents a comprehensive review of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis etiologies.

The prognostic value of increased leukocyte and neutrophil counts in the early phase of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis

“…Serebral ven trombozu (SVT) sıklıkla serebral venlerde yada dural sinüslerde trombüs oluşumuyla ortaya çıkar ve bütün inme vakalarının yaklaşık olarak 1% ini oluşturur (1).…”

Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis: Incidence and Hyperhomocysteinemia as a Risk Factor in Japanese Patients

“…Especially in Western countries, CVT is increased by the hypercoagulability induced by oral contraceptive use [17][18][19]. The odds ratios for CVT caused by oral contraceptive use and the mutation in the prothrombin gene (G20210A) were 10 and 22, respectively.…”

“…The most common risk factor in women has been reported to be oral contraceptive use [1][2][3][17][18][19]. The oral contraceptive use in Japan has been reported to be less than its use in Western countries [20].…”

RATE, Clinical Presentations and Maternal Outcome of Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis in Pregnancy at Omdurman Maternity Hospital Khartoum, Sudan

“…For the majority of patients dying in the acute phase, the cause of death was trans-tentorial herniation secondary to large hemorrhagic lesions [6]. Other patients die due to complications such as herniation secondary to diffuse cerebral edema, status epilepticus and other related medical complications including pulmonary embolism [10].…”

“…This is achieved through either hemi-craniotomy or hematoma evacuation, and often results in good functional outcome even in patients with severe disease [5,6,8,10] Acute obstructive hydrocephalus is rare in the context of acute CVST. Shunting procedure alone is not effective in preventing death from brain herniation in acute CVST [5], as despite shunting half of these patients displayed bad outcomes [5].…”