Cellular proteins expressed in herpes simplex virus transformed cells also accumulate on herpes simplex virus infection.

Abstract

The cell proteins expressed in rat embryo cells transformed by herpes simplex virus (HSV) have been analysed by immunoprecipitation assays to determine those polypeptides which can be identified by immunoprecipitation with the sera of tumour‐bearing animals and also with antisera to herpes simplex infected cells. Cell polypeptides commonly recognised by both these sera have been further characterised using a monoclonal antibody directed against a cellular polypeptide which accumulates on HSV‐2 lytic infection. This monoclonal antibody recognises in HSV‐transformed cells polypeptides of mol. wts. 90 000, 40 000 and 32 000. Further studies show that the accumulation of these polypeptides in HSV‐transformed cells is not HSV specific but is a common feature of transformation or of cells which have been immortalised. We suggest that cellular polypeptides accumulating as a result of HSV infection may be of importance in the initiation of transformation by HSV, i.e., at the level of immortalisation of cells.

Abnormal Forms of the Herpes Simplex Virus Immediate Early Polypeptide Vmw175 Induce the Cellular Stress Response

“…Of the mutants used, only tsK, tsD and tsT, which have mutations in the gene encoding the IE polypeptide Vmw175 (Preston, 1981), induced the response, and this was the first demonstration that HSV can activate cellular gene expression. Subsequent studies have shown that infection with wild-type (wt) HSV type 2 (HSV-2) infection induces the synthesis of minor cellular stress proteins (LaThangue et al, 1984;Kennedy et al, 1985;Patel et al, 1986), and that the synthesis 0000-7735 © 1987 SGM of these proteins is stably increased in cells transformed by HSV (Macnab et al, 1985).…”

Herpes Simplex Virus and Human Cytomegalovirus: Their Role in Morphological Transformation and Genital Cancers

“…Peptide mapping confirmed that these 90000, 40000 and 32000 Mr polypeptides were indistinguishable from cellular polypeptides (Macnab et al, 1985a). Walker et al (1985 have suggested that transfection of dsDNA itself may play a role as a cellular regulatory signal but whether this regulatory signal is similar to those induced by HSV infection remains to be established (Macnab et al, 1985a). Walker et al suggested that HSV infection may thus initiate an event which facilitates later stages of the multistage process involved in the emergence of an oncogenic cell.…”

“…The mechanism of host cell interaction (involved in initiation of transformation) described by Macnab et al (1985a) is the first report of a specific gene product induced after infection with HSV in which the induced gene continues to be expressed in the transformed cell. The increased expression of cellular genes is similar to oncogene studies in which cellular proto-oncogenes are upregulated (for review, see Hunter, 1984).…”

The cell-coded polypeptide U90 increased by herpes simplex virus type 2 infection induces Fos and DNA synthesis

“…However, some cell proteins are actually increased in abundance after HSV infection: among these are heat shock proteins (Notarianni & Preston, 1982;La Thangue et al, 1984), the transcriptionally activated human ubiquitin B gene (Kemp & Latchman, 1988) and a set of host-coded polypeptides expressed in tumour cells and which are immunologically recognized by sera termed TBS, from animals bearing tumours to HSV-2 transformed cells and also, interestingly, by antisera raised to HSV-infected cells (Macnab et al, 1985). As HSV is a virus which can give rise to either acute or latent infections and can also transform host cells, the interactions between the virus and the cell require further study in order to understand the outcome of infection.…”

“…Virus-host interactions are particularly important when devising HSV vaccines or virus vectors as these could also induce cell genes of pathological importance. That a set of host proteins is co-ordinately activated by HSV infection (Macnab et al, 1985) suggests similarities in their mode of induction and additionally, as they are highly conserved through species (Macnab et al, 1985;Grassie et al, 1993), an important role in cell function. One protein, termed U90, was found mainly in the membrane and was increased 2.5-5.0-fold by HSV-2 infection (Hewitt et al, 1991).…”