Cellular Basis of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Horses

Identification and characterization of β-adrenergic receptors in isolated primary equine tracheal epithelial cells

“…However, the alteration of the β 2 -AR system between asthmatic and non-asthmatic whole lung in comparative studies could not always be correlated. Since the partial shedding of the airway epithelial cell layer is associated with the pathophysiology of obstructive respiratory diseases like RAO in horse[30], an in vitro cell model should allow detailed study of the role of epithelial β-AR system in RAO and represent an important target of the class of β 2 -adrenergic drugs. However, no appropriate cell culture models of the airway epithelium were available for the horse which expresses functional β 2 -AR and thus, could give insight in the underlying mechanisms of β-adrenergic drug responses.…”

Pulmonary intravascular macrophages as proinflammatory cells in heaves, an asthma-like equine disease

“…Horses with severe airway obstruction may develop secondary bacterial infection due to lower clearance capability (14,26). In addition, horses suffering from heaves are repeat- edly exposed to the same endotoxin-rich environment that exaggerates lung inflammation.…”

Epiglottic abnormalities in mature nonracehorses: 23 cases (1990–2009)

“…[17][18][19] Thus, the diagnostic evaluation of horses with coughing is traditionally aimed at the lower respiratory tract. Although coughing is a reflex pulmonary mechanism for expulsion of exudates and debris from the airway, it is also a response to mucosal irritation.…”