Cell Type-Specific Adhesion and Migration on Laser-Structured Opaque Surfaces

Abstract

Cytocompatibility is essential for implant approval. However, initial in vitro screenings mainly include the quantity of adherent immortalized cells and cytotoxicity. Other vital parameters, such as cell migration and an in-depth understanding of the interaction between native tissue cells and implant surfaces, are rarely considered. We investigated different laser-fabricated spike structures using primary and immortalized cell lines of fibroblasts and osteoblasts and included quantification of the cell area, aspect ratio, and focal adhesions. Furthermore, we examined the three-dimensional cell interactions with spike topographies and developed a tailored migration assay for long-term monitoring on opaque materials. While fibroblasts and osteoblasts on small spikes retained their normal morphology, cells on medium and large spikes sank into the structures, affecting the composition of the cytoskeleton and thereby changing cell shape. Up to 14 days, migration appeared stronger on small spikes, probably as a consequence of adequate focal adhesion formation and an intact cytoskeleton, whereas human primary cells revealed differences in comparison to immortalized cell lines. The use of primary cells, analysis of the cell–implant structure interaction as well as cell migration might strengthen the evaluation of cytocompatibility and thereby improve the validity regarding the putative in vivo performance of implant material.

Fibroblasts Adhesion to Laser-Modified Titanium Surfaces—A Systematic Review

“…First title and abstract screening allowed to exclude 110 articles as not focused on the reviewed subject (no laser treatment used, other cells than fibroblasts for example bacteria, different sample material). Eighteen studies were selected for full-text screening, from which 8 were excluded due to not meeting defined inclusion criteria [ 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 ]. Ten papers were included for qualitative synthesis [ 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 ].…”

Wettability and biological responses of titanium surface’s biomimetic hexagonal microstructure

“…[7][8][9] The change in the surface characteristics of implant materials can promote the adhesion, spreading, proliferation, differentiation, maturation and gene expression of the cells at the implant site, inhibit the growth of bacteria and promote tissue healing. [10][11][12][13][14] Fan Feng et al studied the effects of sand blasting and acid etching (SLA) on the surface morphology, roughness and wettability of ultra-fine pure titanium (UFG Ti). 15 After surface modification, UFG Ti has better wettability than CP Ti (commercial pure titanium), can promote cell proliferation and differentiation, and can be used as dental implant materials.…”