Cecal ligation and puncture with total parenteral nutrition: A clinically relevant model of the metabolic, hormonal, and inflammatory dysfunction associated with critical illness

High-dose immunoglobulin preparations improve survival in a CLP-induced rat model of sepsis

“…CLP in rodents results in an early hyperdynamic phase what is followed by a hypodynamic phase, similar to human sepsis [8]. We previously reported the efficacy of sivelestat (a synthetic, specific, low molecular weight neutrophil elastase inhibitor, which has been used clinically for the treatment of acute lung injury) in clinically relevant sepsis using this model [9].…”

Evaluation of protein C and other biomarkers as predictors of mortality in a rat cecal ligation and puncture model of sepsis*

“…Rats were not fasted the night before surgery. Details on the methods used for femoral catheterization and rat CLP have been described previously (20). Briefly, rats were anesthetized with 3% isoflurane (1:1.5 with oxygen), and polyethylene catheters (Strategic Applications, Libertyville, IL) were implanted surgically into the femoral vein.…”

“…Plasma samples were shipped to Rules Based Medicine (RBM, Austin, TX; www.rulesbasedmedicine.com) for determination of 58 different variables in a single sample. We had previously validated the biomarkers from the RBM mouse multiplex kit that were cross-reactive to the rat by analysis of rat CLP blood samples (20). Values that were below the detectable limit were assigned a value of one third that of the lowest value in the data set.…”

The Kupffer Cell Inhibition Exacerbates but Splenectomy Prevents Mortality in a Rat Septic Peritonitis Model

“…In brief, 58.72 mg phosphatidylcholine (PC; Nihon Seika, Hyogo, Japan), 8.75 mg dehexadecyl phosphate (DCP), and 24.75 mg cholesterol (CH; Wako, Tokyo, Japan) were dissolved in chloroform in a round-bottom flask and dried under reduced pressure. The lipids were then hydrated in 5 mL phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) with or without 650 mM dichloromethylene diphosphonate (MDP; Sigma, St. Louis, MO) and vortexed at room temperature.…”

“…This model closely resembles bowel perforation, with tissue necrosis leading to polymicrobial infection similar to the scenario of acute peritonitis. Cecal ligation and puncture in rodents results in an early hyperdynamic phase that is followed by a hypodynamic phase, as in human sepsis [8]. Yang et al reported that in a murine CLP model, treatment with anti-HMGB1 antibodies and antibiotics after CLP surgery significantly prevented mortality [9].…”