Causes and Remedies of Controlled Flight into Terrain in Military and Civil Aviation

Moroze, Michael L.; Snow, Michael P.

doi:10.21236/ada430280

Cited by 14 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 2 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Deficits in SA can have profound and tragic consequences, an example of which is the type of accident known as Controlled Flight Into Terrain (CFIT). From 1987 through 1997, the USAF suffered 190 fatalities and 98 destroyed aircraft due to CFIT mishaps (Moroze & Snow, 1999). A CFIT accident is commonly defined as one in which an otherwise serviceable aircraft, under control of the crew, is flown (unintentionally) into terrain, obstacles or water, with no prior awareness on the part of the crew of the impending collision (Wiener, 1977).…”

Section: Situation Awarenessmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Controlled Flight Into Terrain (CFIT) accidents continue to be a major source of fatalities and airframe losses in both military and civil aviation, despite on-board warning systems (Moroze & Snow, 1999;Scott, 1996). Examination of evidence from the USAF Safety Center reveals that a causal factor in over half of these accidents is related to some deficit in situation awareness (SA) (Moroze & Snow, 1999).…”

Section: Effects Of Primary Flight Symbology On Workload and Situamentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Flight Display Integration

French¹,

Hopper²,

Reising³

et al. 2006

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden to

show abstract

Section: Situation Awarenessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effects Of Primary Flight Symbology On Workload and Situamentioning

confidence: 99%

Flight Display Integration

French¹,

Hopper²,

Reising³

et al. 2006

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Controlled Flight Into Terrain (CFIT) accidents continue to be a major source of fatalities and airframe losses in both military and civil aviation, despite on-board warning systems [1,2]. Examination of evidence from the USAF Safety Center reveals that a causal factor in over half of these accidents is related to some deficit in situation awareness (SA) [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Examination of evidence from the USAF Safety Center reveals that a causal factor in over half of these accidents is related to some deficit in situation awareness (SA) [1]. Current on-board warning systems (e.g., the Ground Proximity Warning System) have reduced CFIT dramatically, but are designed to prevent disaster once it becomes imminent (i.e., once the system detects that an aircraft flight path will be below some minimum safe altitude).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Primary Flight Symbology on Workload and Situation Awareness in a Head-Up Synthetic Vision Display

Snow¹,

French²

2002

PsycEXTRA Dataset

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Precision navigation, display, and avionics technologies have progressed to the point that a head-up primary flight display incorporating synthetic elements such as terrain and commanded flight path is a possibility in the near future. The goal of such a display is to increase situation awareness and reduce aircrew reliance on warning systems or automation to prevent controlled flight into terrain (CFIT) mishaps. The primary flight display -and primary focus of attention -in modern fighter aircraft is a head-up display (HUD). This is becoming true also for newer transports in the U.S. Air Force inventory.Some human factors issues associated with synthetic vision in a head-down display are different from those associated with a head-up synthetic vision display, especially when the displays are used as primary flight references. Among these issues are the use of color, ability to see through the display, symbology clutter, compatibility between head-up and head-down displays, and attentional factors. This paper reports the results of a study in which HUD-experienced pilots flew simulated complex precision approaches to landing in three visibility conditions, with and without synthetic terrain, using either pathway-inthe-sky symbology or more traditional military standard HUD symbology. Workload and situation awareness measures were collected to determine the relative workload associated with these conditions and if, as has been proposed elsewhere, flying a pathway-in-the-sky display is associated with "cognitive capture", or a decrease in situation awareness concerning things other than the pathway. It was hypothesized that including pathway and synthetic terrain in a head-up primary flight display would result in a conformal symbology set that naturally draws pilots' attention to external events. It was also hypothesized that workload could be reduced by allowing pilots to maintain spatial orientation via preattentive processes rather than relying on instruments requiring focal vision and active interpretation.

show abstract

“…Data from the Air Force Safety Center indicate that CFIT accidents occur in a wide variety of missions and aircraft. In the last ten years, CFIT accidents have cost the Air Force 98 aircraft, 190 lives, and $1.68 billion (Moroze and Snow, 1999). Also, despite inclusion of GPWS, losses due to CFIT accidents show little sign of decreasing (see Figure 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Causes and Remedies of Controlled Flight into Terrain in Military and Civil Aviation

Cited by 14 publications

References 2 publications

Flight Display Integration

Flight Display Integration

Effects of Primary Flight Symbology on Workload and Situation Awareness in a Head-Up Synthetic Vision Display

Effect of Pathway-In-The-Sky and Synthetic Terrain Imagery on Situation Awareness in A Simulated Low-level Ingress Scenario

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About