Cathodic behaviour and oxoacidity reactions of samarium (III) in two molten chlorides with different acidity properties: The eutectic LiCl–KCl and the equimolar CaCl2–NaCl melt

An Investigation of Synthesized Samarium Oxychloride in Molten LiCl-KCl

“…Synthesis of SmOCl was accomplished through the dissolution of O 2ions in the eutectic with the addition Li 2 CO 3 to the SmCl 3 -LiCl-KCl solutions. The reaction mechanism for SmOCl formation and precipitation in this manner has been reported in the literature by Castrillejo et al 19,27 The dissolution of SmCl 3 , Li 2 CO 3 , and formation of SmOCl are reported in Equations 2, 3, and 4, respectively.…”

“…18 The literature data regarding oxychloride formation in the LiCl-KCl molten eutectic is limited and requires further investigation to fully understand solvation mechanisms, effects on electroanalytical measurements, and characterization of relevant reaction products. 16,17,19 This paper presents a synthesis method for, and characterization of, samarium oxychloride…”

Rare Earth Electrochemical Property Measurements and Phase Diagram Development in a Complex Molten Salt Mixture for Molten Salt Recycle

“…The activity coefficient of SmCl3 is summarized in Table A -8 [34,35]. Cordoba reported the value to be -3.617 at 723 K and Castrillejo reported a more negative value of -4.35 at 723 K. The data is not sufficient to make comparison between the two.…”

“…The apparent potential of Sm 2+ / Sm is too close to Li + /Li and, as such, the measurement on Sm 2+ / Sm couple's apparent potential via CV and CP method is not reliable [33]. The collected Sm 3+ /Sm 2+ apparent potential is summarized in Table A -6 [34,35]. The apparent potentials are reported as -2.04 V and -2.099 V at 723 K respectively.…”

A comparative study of the cathodic behaviour of EuCl3 in two imidazolium chloride ionic liquids, the 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium (C4mimCl) and the 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium (C2mimCl), on a glassy carbon electrode

“…The electroreduction of Eu(III) and Sm(III) has also been studied in molten chloroaluminates [22][23][24], molten chlorides (e.g. LiCl-KCl and CaCl 2 -NaCl) [25][26] and bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (NTf 2 ) based ionic liquids [27] in all cases, the electroreduction of the respective Ln(III) to Ln(II) takes place following the sequence of the cathodic potential: Sm(III) > Eu(III). More recently the electroreduction of Eu(III) has been studied by Rama et al [28] in the 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (C 6 mim)NTf 2 containing tri-nbutyl phosphate and N,N-dihexyloctanamide ligands, the electrochemical system Eu(III)/Eu(II), free of any adsorption process, has been found quasi-reversible being the activation energy for Eu (III) diffusion 88 kJ mol − 1 .…”