Catalytic steam reforming of tar for enhancing hydrogen production from biomass gasification: a review

Opportunities for Production and Utilization of Green Hydrogen in the Philippines

“…These processes may produce CO 2 which is arguably acceptable considering the life cycle analyses of the production is carbonneutral (Valente et al, 2020). Compared with other hydrogen production routes (including those from fossil fuels), hydrogen from biomass is still considered an economical and promising technology due to its carbon neutrality, environmentally friendly, sustainability, and renewable characteristics (Tan et al, 2020).…”

Clean Process for Catalytically Converting Waste Nitrogen-Containing Organics to a Syngas

“…Catalytic cracking technology is mostly used in the production of olefins in industry, and the process of cracking tars to produce small molecules of combustible gas. [9,10] Under the condition of high temperature catalytic cracking, it will also have a good treatment effect on nitrogen-containing exhaust gas. Organic exhaust gas can be cracked into small molecular gases such as H2, CO, and CH4 to realize the resource utilization process.…”

Syngas Production for Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis from Rubber Wood Pellets and Eucalyptus Wood Chips in a Pilot Horizontal Gasifier with CaO as a Tar Removal Catalyst

“…The catalysts that were reported to have high performance in removing tars from the producer gas were classified into three groups: (1) natural catalysts, such as CaO from CaCO 3 and CaO and MgO from dolomite; (2) alkali-based catalysts, such as Li, Na, and K; and (3) metal-based catalysts, such as nickel catalysts. ,− In this work, CaO was used as the catalyst. CaO not only acts as a CO 2 sorbent but also as a tar-reforming catalyst. , In addition, the catalytic reforming of tar using CaO not only reduces the tar amount in the product gas but also enhances the hydrogen and total gas yields. , Mahishi and Goswami reported the use of CaO for increasing H 2 and decreasing CO 2 from steam gasification of southern pine bark in a batch-type gasifier and showed the effect of CaO as bed material on produced gas: CO 2 decreased from 28.4 to 26.7 vol %, while H 2 increased from 62.0 to 65.5 vol % at 700 °C.…”

“…For steam gasification, experiments have reported that increasing the steam/biomass ( S / B ) ratio reduces the tar yield due to an enhanced steam reforming reaction. − Moreover, at high temperatures, above 800 °C, higher S / B decreases all tar species. In the case of steam gasification, reported experimental results have shown that increasing the S / B ratio reduces the tar yield due to enhanced steam reforming reactions, − although the effect on the tar composition depends on the operational temperature. At sufficiently high temperatures, above 800 °C, all tar species decrease with the S / B ratio, but below 750 °C, the increase in the S / B ratio diminishes secondary tars but increases light aromatic tars …”