Catalytic efficiency of the eggshell calcined and enriched with glycerin in the synthesis of biodiesel from frying residual oil

Oliveira, Carlos de; Teleken, Joel Gustavo; Alves, Helton José

doi:10.1007/s11356-020-08272-8

Cited by 5 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The existence of Ca(OH) 2 in the calcined sample could be due to the outcome of the reaction of the CaO with air during packaging and analysis [ 23 ]. The conversion of CaCO 3 to CaO and Ca(OH) 2 in the calcined sample will improve its catalytic activity and efficiency in biodiesel production [ 24 ]. Due to incomplete thermal decomposition during calcination, 0.4 % CaCO 3 was recorded in the calcined sample.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modification and characterization of chicken eggshell for possible catalytic applications

Awogbemi

Inambao

Onuh

2020

Heliyon

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Researchers have shown considerable interest in finding a sustainable, low cost, and readily available substitute for the commercial calcium oxide (CaO) catalyst. In this work, raw chicken eggshell was modified by boiling and calcination at 900 C for 3 h. The x-ray diffraction characterization revealed that while the proportion of CaCO 3 in the raw and boiled samples was found to be 79.3 % and 99.2 % respectively, the CaCO 3 had been converted to 63.8 % CaO and CO 2 in the calcined sample. This was due to the thermal decomposition during calcination. The outcome of the infrared spectroscopy showed that the raw and boiled chicken eggshell presented a similar absorption profile with peaks at 1 394 cm À1 , 873 cm À1 , and 712 cm À1 , which were as a result of the presence of asymmetric stretch, out-of-plane bend, and in-plane bend vibration modes. The major peaks presented by the calcined sample at 3642 cm À1 can be attributed to the OAH stretching vibration and bending hydroxyl groups present in Ca(OH) 2 . The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface areas for the raw, boiled and calcined chicken eggshell were found to be 2.33 m 2 /g, 3.26 m 2 /g, and 4.6 m 2 /g respectively, indicating increased catalytic activity of the calcined sample. Overall, boiling was found to have a negligible effect on the chicken eggshell, while hightemperature calcination greatly affected the pore size, surface area, composition, and thermal decomposition profile of the chicken eggshell sample.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modification and characterization of chicken eggshell for possible catalytic applications

Awogbemi

Inambao

Onuh

2020

Heliyon

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“…Comparison of surface morphology of diglyceroxide from pure glycerin (DGPG) and diglyceroxide with waste glycerin and methanol (DGWG) image (A) microscopy of the DGPG cited by Oliveira et al, [6] image (B) microscopy of the DGWG produced in this work, image (C) microscopy of the DGPG cited by Le on-Reina et al [23] residual glycerol (approximately 80% purity) tends to present a solid compound with less interaction with each other and, consequently, a more disperse particulate.…”

Section: Sem Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Le on-Reina et al [23] and Oliveira et al, [6] there is a proportionality correlation between the availability of active sites on the surface of calcium diglyceroxide and the improvement in the reaction rate. Thus, the lower availability of active sites, as well as leaching and deactivation of the catalytic material, are possible interfering factors in the conversion of triglycerides into esters during catalysis with calcined eggshell impregnated with glycerol as a catalyst.…”

Section: Ester Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The experimental conditions and the reaction procedures: mass loss of the catalyst by leaching, production of the ester mixture, separation and quantification of the reaction phases, purification of the ester phase, reuse of the catalyst; and characterization of the ester mixture (acidity index, specific mass at 20 C, water content, and the ester content) were defined and performed according to previous work. [6] 3 | DISCUSSION…”

Section: Experimental Conditions and Reaction Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When comparing the acidity indexes of the ester mixtures catalyzed by the DGPG molecule (0.060-0.199 mg KOH/g oil), cited by Oliveira et al [6] (soybean waste oil), Cremonez et al [26] (corn), Silva et al [27] (pequi), Nadaletti et al [28] (swine fat), Ismail and Ali. [29] (soybean waste oil), and Cremonez et al [26] (soybean), with the mixtures, having DGWG as a catalyst (0.057-0.142 mg KOH/g oil), it was noted that the ester mixtures from DGWG presented lower acidity indexes.…”

Section: Acidity Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of the glycerin content in the preparation of calcium diglyceroxide from eggshell applied in the residual oil transesterification

2022

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Currently, biodiesel is pointed out worldwide as the main alternative in the complementation and substitution of petrochemical diesel. However, the current industrial route of synthesis of this biofuel depends on the cost of raw materials (which are also destined for food purposes) and the expense of the production process. Aiming to remedy this obstacle, the use of solid, sustainable, low-cost, efficient, and reusable catalysts in residual raw materials, such as waste cooking oils, has been highlighted as a promising alternative. This work focused on studying the influence of the glycerin content used in the preparation by wet impregnation of catalyst calcium diglyceroxide in the efficiency of transesterification of waste cooking oil. The catalyst was synthesized from CaO from chicken eggshell, raw glycerin co-product from biodiesel, and methanol. The transesterification reactions were performed using 120 g of frying residual oil, methanol: oil molar rate of 6:1, constant shaking, and reaction temperature of 63 ± 1 C for 180 min. The catalyst material synthesized with residual glycerin was active for four reactions (without reactivation of its sites) with high percentages of efficiency of 96.13, 96.85, 95.93, and 91.65, respectively. It was noted that the glycerol purity correlated with changes in the structural morphology of the final compound, as well as changes in the leaching rate, acidity index, water content, and ester content of the blends.

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Production of biodiesel with metal-oxide-based catalysts

Zhang

Deng

et al. 2022

Advanced Catalysis for Drop-in Chemicals

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Catalytic efficiency of the eggshell calcined and enriched with glycerin in the synthesis of biodiesel from frying residual oil

Cited by 5 publications

References 53 publications

Modification and characterization of chicken eggshell for possible catalytic applications

Modification and characterization of chicken eggshell for possible catalytic applications

Influence of the glycerin content in the preparation of calcium diglyceroxide from eggshell applied in the residual oil transesterification

Production of biodiesel with metal-oxide-based catalysts

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