Catalytic cracking of bio-oils improved by the formation of mesopores by means of Y zeolite desilication

García, Juan Rafael; Bertero, Melisa; Falco, Marisa; Sedrán, Ulises

doi:10.1016/j.apcata.2014.11.005

Cited by 64 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Zeolites have the potential to catalyse the transition to biomass conversion, owing to their excellent adaptability to meet the specific demands of chemical transformations. In biomass, hierarchical faujasites were applied thus far in biooil upgrading, 58,90,99 biofuel production, 93,100 hydrolysis 73,101 and isomerisation reactions. Moreover, the more bulky and reactive nature of biomass-derived molecules implies that, like in oil-derived streams, the potential of hierarchical zeolites in the valorisation of biomass is vast.…”

Section: Novel Catalytic Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, characterisation, and catalytic evaluation of hierarchical faujasite zeolites: milestones, challenges, and future directions

et al. 2016

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Faujasite (X, Y, and USY) zeolites represent one of the most widely-applied and abundant catalysts and sorbents in the chemical industry. In the last 5 years substantial progress was made in the synthesis, characterisation, and catalytic exploitation of hierarchically-structured variants of these zeolites. Hererin, we provide an overview of these contributions, highlighting the main advancements regarding the evaluation of the nature and functionality of introduced secondary porosity. The novelty, efficiency, versatility, and sustainability of the reported bottom-up and (predominately) top-down strategies are discussed. The crucial role of the relative stability of faujasites in aqueous media is highlighted. The interplay between the physico-chemical properties of the hierarchical zeolites and their use in petrochemical and biomass-related catalytic processes is assessed.

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Section: Novel Catalytic Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, characterisation, and catalytic evaluation of hierarchical faujasite zeolites: milestones, challenges, and future directions

et al. 2016

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“…The catalysts were prepared by adding the previously desilicated Y zeolites to an essentially inactive matrix (mesoporous silica, chromatographic grade, Merck) and a colloidal silica binder (Ludox AS-40, Aldrich) [17]. The zeolite, the matrix and the binder were added at 30, 50 and 20 wt%, respectively, to form the catalysts, reproducing typical formulations of the catalysts used in the FCC process [5,10].…”

Section: Evaluation Of the Catalytic Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mesoporosity was induced on the crystals of Y zeolite by means of the following alkaline lixiviation procedure [13,17]. Various portions of a commercial Y zeolite (Zeolyst CBV 760, Si/Al = 30, H-form) were immersed in NaOH aqueous solutions at 1 g zeolite/30 mL, the concentrations being 0.05, 0.10 and 0.20 M, and kept under stirring at 25°C during 15 min.…”

Section: Zeolite Alkaline Leaching (Desilication)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This last approach can be performed by means of different ways [13], among which desilication has been extensively applied to ZSM-5 [8,11,14] and, in the last years, to Y zeolite [6,13,[15][16][17]. The treatment consists in the alkaline leaching which removes silicon atoms from the zeolite crystalline network, thus inducing the partial destruction of the network and consequently being the origin of mesoporosity [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Impact of the Desilication Treatment of Y Zeolite on the Catalytic Cracking of Bulky Hydrocarbon Molecules

2015

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Mesoporosity was induced on a USY zeolite by means of an alkaline leaching process. Samples were immersed in 0.05, 0.10 and 0.20 M NaOH solutions during 15 min at room temperature and then were exchanged with NH 4? ions and calcined to yield the acid forms. The formation of mesopores with size ranging from 20 to 100 Å increased with the concentration of NaOH. The modified zeolites were used at 30 wt% to formulate cracking catalysts with an inert SiO 2 matrix. The catalytic performance of these catalysts in the conversion of 1,3,5-tri-isopropylbenzene was evaluated in a batch, fluidized bed reactor at 450, 500 and 530°C, with a catalyst to oil relationship of 4.7 and contact times up to 16 s. The catalysts with the modified zeolites were more active in the cracking of these bulky molecules than the one with the parent, unmodified zeolite; moreover, the selectivity to the products of primary cracking reactions increased. These results reveal an enhanced diffusion of the reactant molecules to the zeolite active sites and of the products out of the catalyst particles.

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“…Moreover, the selected catalyst to be used in the simulation consists of a combination of 2 zeolite additives, ZSM-5 and Y-zeolite (XP8500G), which are known to enhance the yield of light oil products, thus increasing the effectiveness of the bio-oil upgrading catalytic process. 14,[22][23][24] The FCC unit is set up in Aspen Hysys according to Chang et al, 25 following the configuration in Figure 1 and making use of the technical information, key design parameters, and procedures available from these authors as a reference. The reactor operating pressure is fixed at 3 bar, similar to that used in previous works.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation analysis of the catalytic cracking process of biomass pyrolysis oil with mixed catalysts: Optimization using the simplex lattice design

et al. 2018

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Summary Bio‐oil produced via fast pyrolysis of biomass usually has various undesired properties that can negatively affect its use. Therefore, raw bio‐oil needs first to undergo an upgrading stage before it is further used. This paper deals with the study of bio‐oil upgrading by means of catalytic cracking with a Y‐zeolite/ZSM‐5 catalyst, as well as the optimization of the process operating conditions. Several case studies are selected by using the simplex lattice design of experiments, and these are simulated under a range of conditions to study the effect of the key process parameters on the bio‐oil conversion. The simulation results show that the catalyst‐to‐oil ratio is the most influential parameter. An analysis of the obtained data indicates that a Y‐zeolite/ZSM‐5 catalyst blend with 15.6 to 19.0%wt of Y‐zeolite, a catalyst‐to‐oil ratio in the range of 4.9 to 6.1, a riser height of 24.6 to 30.0 m (residence time ~ 6 s), and a reactor temperature of 350 to 385°C are the preferred conditions that maximize the product conversion, which take values up to 78.5% in the simulations. A comparison against previous experimental results confirms that the value of the ratio between catalyst and bio‐oil is a critical design parameter and highlights that the optimum values of the Y‐zeolite content and the reactor temperature calculated from the simulation data are in good agreement with those obtained experimentally. The simulation analysis conducted in this study is a suitable tool to investigate the catalytic cracking process for bio‐oil upgrading.

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Catalytic cracking of bio-oils improved by the formation of mesopores by means of Y zeolite desilication

Cited by 64 publications

References 51 publications

Synthesis, characterisation, and catalytic evaluation of hierarchical faujasite zeolites: milestones, challenges, and future directions

Synthesis, characterisation, and catalytic evaluation of hierarchical faujasite zeolites: milestones, challenges, and future directions

Impact of the Desilication Treatment of Y Zeolite on the Catalytic Cracking of Bulky Hydrocarbon Molecules

Simulation analysis of the catalytic cracking process of biomass pyrolysis oil with mixed catalysts: Optimization using the simplex lattice design

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