Catalytic control of automobile exhaust emissions

Yolles, Robert S.; Wise, Henry; Weller, Sol W.

doi:10.1080/10643387109381580

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The use of catalytic reactors for control of motor vehicle exhaust emissions has been considered for at least a decade (37,38). Since then, a variety of mechanical designs and catalytic materials have been explored in this regard (39)(40)(41). However, the use of platinum group metals has certain advantages that preclude the use of other materials, namely: their proven effectiveness as catalysts, low-threshold activation temperatures, fast warm-up response, and apparent Environmental Health Perspectives Table 3.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Substrates of choice appear to be a ceramic compound of manganesium oxide, aluminum and silicon (41,48). There have been several substrate designs considered, namely, wiremesh, Raschig ring, honeycombed monolith, and pellets (41,48). Porosity and maximum surface area and the necessity to minimize back pressure and to provide optimum conditions for catalytic activity are important factors influencing design selection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In late 1972, estimates on the use of platinum and palladium in a 5.2 ratio was stated to be acceptable for use in these exhaust convertors (43); however, this ratio may vary with convertor design. Furthermore, alloys of platinum group metals and base metals have been considered with the platinum group metals being used in low amounts to initiate the oxidation or reduction reaction (41,49). While the presently available oxidation catalyst will employ platinum and palladium, the material for reduction catalysts may consist of platinum, palladium, ruthenium, base metals or basemetal-platinum group metal alloys (41,50).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Noble metals: a toxicological appraisal of potential new environmental contaminants.

Brubaker¹,

J²,

Bridbord³

et al. 1975

Environ Health Perspect

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The public health benefits expected by reducing known hazardous emissions from mobile sources should not be compromised by increasing levels of other potentially hazardous unregulated emissions. Catalytic converters are going to be used to meet the statutory requirements on carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon emissions from light duty motor vehicles. Platinum and palladium metals are the catalytic materials to be used in these emission control devices. Preliminary experimental evidence and analysis of the impact of these control devices on the future use and demand for platinum indicates that this metal may appear at detectable levels in the environment by the end of this decade. At the present time, platinum and palladium are not present in the public environment and represent potentially new environmental contaminants as a consequence of use of this new abatement control technology. There is relatively little information available to adequately assess the potential health hazards that may be associated with exposure to these metals and their compounds. Analysis of the environmental problems and concerns associated with possible new environmental contaminants are discussed. Limited estimates are made on community exposure by use of a meteorological dispersion model. Biodegradation potential and attention is also given to the limited toxicological information available.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Noble metals: a toxicological appraisal of potential new environmental contaminants.

Brubaker¹,

J²,

Bridbord³

et al. 1975

Environ Health Perspect

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Catalytic reduction of nitric oxide in low concentration high velocity gas streams

Lamb

Tollefson

1973

Can J Chem Eng

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A catalytic micro-reacting system and a gas chromatographic analytical method were used to investigate the effectivenm of metal alloys in the catalytic reduction of nitric oxide by hydrogen. Oxidative pretreatment significantly increased the catalytic activity. The rate of nitric oxide removal was directly proportional to hydrogen concentration but independent of nitric oxide concentration. Temperatures were 378 -5OO0C, space velocities 42,000 -54,000 hr-' and hydrogen and nitric oxide concentra- ScopeThe concentrations of nitric oxide used in this study were in the range 0 -0.5% by volume. This range, while comparable to the emission level in nitric acid plant stack gas (0.2 -0.4% oxides of nitrogen) is below that generally reported in the published literature. The reducing agent used was hydrogen and the diluent gas helium.

show abstract

Control of Noxious Emissions from Internal Combustion Engines

Baker

1977

Environmental Chemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Catalytic control of automobile exhaust emissions

Cited by 11 publications

References 18 publications

Noble metals: a toxicological appraisal of potential new environmental contaminants.

Noble metals: a toxicological appraisal of potential new environmental contaminants.

Catalytic reduction of nitric oxide in low concentration high velocity gas streams

Control of Noxious Emissions from Internal Combustion Engines

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About