Catalytic reduction of nitric oxide in low concentration high velocity gas streams

Lamb, A.; Tollefson, Eric L.

doi:10.1002/cjce.5450510209

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Within this modification, the brass area exposed to the analyte is minimized. Theoretically, imaginable catalytic surface processes can be neglected due to the fact that the analytes pass only a small brass surface area on their way into the transferline and only very few applications of brass for catalytic surface processes can be found [32]. Because of the minimized adsorption processes at the inside of this desorption head, a faster analyte transfer into the IT-MS is enabled.…”

Section: Sampling Head Design Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ambient Pressure Laser Desorption—Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry for Fast and Reliable Detection of Explosives, Drugs, and Their Precursors

et al. 2018

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Fast and reliable information is crucial for first responders to draw correct conclusions at crime scenes. An ambient pressure laser desorption (APLD) mass spectrometer is introduced for this scenario, which enables detecting substances on surfaces without sample pretreatment. It is especially useful for substances with low vapor pressure and thermolabile ones. The APLD allows for the separation of desorption and ionization into two steps and, therefore, both can be optimized separately. Within this work, an improved version of the developed system is shown that achieves limits of detection (LOD) down to 500 pg while remaining fast and flexible. Furthermore, realistic scenarios are applied to prove the usability of this system in real-world issues. For this purpose, post-blast residues of a bomb from the Second World War were analyzed, and the presence of PETN was proven without sample pretreatment. In addition, the analyzable substance range could be expanded by various drugs and drug precursors. Thus, the presented instrumentation can be utilized for an increased number of forensically important compound classes without changing the setup. Drug precursors revealed a LOD ranging from 6 to 100 ng. Drugs such as cocaine hydrochloride, heroin, (3,4-methylendioxy-methamphetamine) hydrochloride (MDMA) hydrochloride, and others exhibit a LOD between 10 to 200 ng.

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Section: Sampling Head Design Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ambient Pressure Laser Desorption—Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry for Fast and Reliable Detection of Explosives, Drugs, and Their Precursors

et al. 2018

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“…It is strongly suspected, however, that the reaction order with respect to a limiting reactant will change at very low concentrations, Reaction conditions: 1.0% CO, 0.14% NO, balance He, over a fiberglass-supported Ru catalyst, 25 000 GHSV. and Peters (1962) 3,5 Cu, SS, Monel 12-30 Lamb and Tollefson (1973) particularly if the power law exponent for this reactant is negative. Otherwise, the reaction rate would be unbounded at low concentrations.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(5) Previous work in which rate expressions for any of the above reactions are obtained includes , kinetic studies of (1) by using a Cu-Ni catalyst and by Jenkins and Voisey (1973) with a stainless steel catalyst. Reactions 1 and 2 together have been investigated by Baker and Doerr (1965) and Bauerle et al (1972) both using copper chromite as well as by London and Bell (1973) over CuO. The NO-H2 system, (3) and ( 5), has been correlated by Ayen and Peters (1962) using a Girdler Cu-Zn-Cr catalyst and by Lamb and Tollefson (1973), who studied several base metal catalysts including Cu, stainless steel, and monel. Most commercial interest at this time is centered on noble metal catalysts for auto exhaust purification. Much work has been reported on NO reduction over noble metal catalysts, but none has been found which presents explicit rate expressions for any of the five reactions above.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction of Nitric Oxide on Fiber Glass

Schleppy¹,

Shah²

1976

Product R&D

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Nitric oxide reduction by carbon monoxide and hydrogen in helium by platinum and ruthenium catalysts supported on fiber glass has been studied. The rate data from a differential tubular reactor operation, at atmospheric pressure and in a temperature range of 200-350 °C, were correlated with a power law model. Feed concentrations for the NO, CO, and H2 were in the range of 0.5-5.0 mol %. N20 was found to be a significant product of reaction at low conversion, but it declined at higher conversions. The relative rates of reaction and the general dependence of reaction rate upon feed concentration and catalyst were in substantial agreement with previous studies with the same reaction system using different supports.

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Catalytic reduction of nitric oxide in the presence of oxygen in low concentration high velocity gas streams

Lamb

Tollefson

1975

Can J Chem Eng

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A small fixed‐bed catalytic reactor and a gas chromatographic analytical method were used to investigate the effects of oxygen on nitric oxide reduction by hydrogen over metal alloys. This work follows similar investigations, previously reported, into the reduction of nitric oxide with hydrogen in the absence of oxygen. The rate of oxygen consumption was directly proportional to hydrogen concentration but independent of oxygen concentration, at oxygen and hydrogen partial pressures of 4 — 7 × 10−3 atm., and 1 — 11 × 10−3 atm., respectively, and space velocities of 43,000 – 45,000 hr−3. The activation energy for Monel* alloy was 8.8 kcals* g* mole−1 over a temperature range 347 – 502°C In comparing Monel and brass catalysts some selectivity in the reduction of nitric oxide in the presence of oxygen was observed. Depending on the conditions to which Monel has been subjected, its activity at a given temperature was found to vary with time from one level to another.

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Catalytic reduction of nitric oxide in low concentration high velocity gas streams

Cited by 5 publications

References 4 publications

Ambient Pressure Laser Desorption—Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry for Fast and Reliable Detection of Explosives, Drugs, and Their Precursors

Ambient Pressure Laser Desorption—Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry for Fast and Reliable Detection of Explosives, Drugs, and Their Precursors

Reduction of Nitric Oxide on Fiber Glass

Catalytic reduction of nitric oxide in the presence of oxygen in low concentration high velocity gas streams

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