Case study on the use of a combined system as an intermediate solution in Brazil: cost estimate

Abstract

As a developing country, Brazil has to deal with a lack of basic sanitation. One of the major challenges is the treatment of wastewater. While 94% of Brazilian municipalities have stormwater systems, only 55% are connected to a wastewater system. To help improve the current situation, this study estimates the costs for implementing an intermediate solution, which is designed to ease the transition towards a separate wastewater treatment system. This solution utilizes a combined sewer system approach in areas where stormwater systems have already been implemented. A case study was carried out assessing two possible alternatives for a wastewater treatment system with data from the city of Joinville. Both alternatives are separate systems but one has a combined system as an intermediate solution. The results show that the alternative with an intermediate combined system will reduce the short‐term financial burden on governments in comparison to the separate sewer system approach.

Impact of sewer overflow on public health: A comprehensive scientometric analysis and systematic review

“…Simulates impact of SO on the environment, contributions of different factors, and assesses efficiency of different intervention measures. With the aid of GIS and indices, multi-technique is useful in (Andres-Domenech et al, 2010;Chen et al, 2003;Chen et al, 2004;De Paola et al, 2013;Fu et al, 2009;Goncalves et al, 2017;Guo et al, 2015;Li et al, 2010; delineating areas of different environmental risks, prioritize monitoring of SO for different pollutants, characterize rainfall patterns that contribute to SOs, and guide emergency preparedness. Studies in this category recommend optimizing WWTP efficiency, improving capacity of sewer networks, reducing density of or illicit sewer connections, and proper placement of SO outfall.…”

The Main Drivers to Face the Challenges of Increasing the Intelligence of Sanitary Sewage Systems in Brazilian Cities

“…Environmental management: Actions based on environmental management instruments (such as licensing and environmental impact study) to eliminate/reduce possible impacts on the environment from the sanitary sewer system's construction and operation. [1,7,8,[12][13][14][15][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36] Urban environment: Space with high population concentration and, therefore, increased generation of effluents, which may have residential, industrial, and commercial characteristics.…”

“…Adequate public policy drives the primary sanitation sector. Consequently, wastewater systems [26,39], leveraging government actions and decisions and state programs that encourage and allocate funds for sanitation sewerage projects, thus enabling the improvement and expansion of these systems [7,33,39]. They regulate the system financing and direct incentives and legal and financial guarantees for investments [40].…”

“…While underdeveloped countries are concerned with open defecation [1], developed countries plan innovative solutions considering factors such as population growth, climate change, land use, urbanization, and changing legal requirements [6]. Between these two so distant poles are developing countries, which face the rapid growth of their cities with the mission of expanding their infrastructure and seeking more economically sustainable solutions [7,8].…”

Sistemas de drenagem urbana e o saneamento: uma análise cienciométrica

“…Afora a abordagem secundária da drenagem urbana no âmbito do saneamento ambiental (Silveira, 2002;Rego et al, 2013;Cunha & Cannan, 2015;Gonçalves et al, 2017;Lima et al, 2017;Tasca et al, 2018) os artigos relacionados ao Brasil indexados no banco de dados Web of Science contemplavam a aplicação do modelo de uso de água urbana como ferramenta de apoio à gestão (Santos & Benetti, 2014), assim como a proposição de uma abordagem integrada para o planejamento do saneamento e drenagem urbana (Soares et al, 2005) e o desenvolvimento do planejamento de macrodrenagem como elemento integrador da gestão de recursos hídricos (Obraczka et al, 2017).…”