Impact of sewer overflow on public health: A comprehensive scientometric analysis and systematic review

Is the virus-laden standing water change the transmission intensity of SARS-CoV-2 after precipitation? A framework for empirical studies

“…Although fomites could contaminate standing water through the washing-off effects of precipitation, sewage might be the major source of the infective SARS-CoV-2 in standing water ( Bhowmick et al, 2020 ; Kataki et al, 2021 ; Sojobi and Zayed, 2022 ). Sewage is rich in human excrete, where the excrete of COVID-19 patients was confirmed to shed an amount of infective SARS-CoV-2 ( Pan et al, 2020 ; Xiao et al, 2020 ).…”

Assessment of Regional and Local Sources of Contamination at Urban Beaches Using Hydrodynamic Models and Field-Based Monitoring

“…To address the impact of regional contamination on beaches, hydrodynamic models have been developed to track contaminant fate and transport to beach areas. − Previous research has estimated the transport of contamination from watershed discharges to downstream locations. − Rain events have long been understood to contribute pollutants to local waters, with sewer overflows and urban stormwater runoff a known source of pathogens that constitute a risk to human health. − Watershed characteristics such as land use are important in evaluating the types of pollutants expected and the potential impacts on nearshore waters, , including potential health risks. Understanding if and when contamination from the greater watershed may reach beaches is necessary to manage water quality impairments and beach advisories.…”

“…Boxplots of results were binned into precipitation categories of low flow (≤0.75 cm/24 h) or rain (≥1. 25 Bradford Beach was used to evaluate the correlations between Gull-2 concentration and local weather and wave conditions as the site had a similar proportion of samples that were positive (54%) or negative (46%) for the Gull-2 marker. In contrast to South Shore Beach, > 90% of the samples tested were positive; therefore, this beach was not assessed since the Gull-2 marker was ubiquitous.…”

Evaluation and removal efficiencies of a rural WWTP for metals and anions in Lufkin, East Texas (USA)

“…The challenges are further compounded by the complexity of biosolids and the diverse emerging pollutants, together with limited financial support for the creation of new WWTPs. This often leads to large direct discharges of raw sewage into fresh water systems (Fekadu et al, 2019 ; Mushtaq et al, 2020 ; Sojobi & Zayed, 2022 ). In addition to these challenges, many municipalities are faced with the need to manage sewer overflow outbreaks that is linked to the transmission of food-chain pathogens via pathogen-laden wastewater (including coronaviruses), person-to-person transmission, and close contact with infected animals (Al-Omari et al, 2019 ; Han & He, 2021 ; Mackay & Arden, 2015 ).…”