Carrier oils in dermatology

Orchard, Ané; Vuuren, Sandy van

doi:10.1007/s00403-019-01951-8

Cited by 16 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 191 publications

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“…The only bacterial species that was somewhat inhibited by the carrier oils was P. aeruginosa and B. epidermidis at 1.00 mg/mL for selected carrier oils. The poor antimicrobial activity is not surprising as they are not expected to exhibit antimicrobial activity [7] but rather provide other properties against skin conditions such as anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, or an increase in collagen synthesis [7]. From an antimicrobial perspective, another two studies also reported poor antimicrobial activity of S. chinensis [21].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The selection of six carrier oils was based on the aroma-therapeutic literature available to the layman as reviewed by Orchard and van Vuuren [7], where the most frequently cited carrier oils for dermatological use and those claimed as having antimicrobial activity were selected. The selection of the 23 essential oils was made based on a range of activity, representative of noteworthy, moderate, and poor antimicrobial activity [1], so that an overall understanding could be drawn of carrier oil effects against different antimicrobial potencies.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The broth microdilution method was determined as being the preferred method for investigating carrier oil activity [7]. The carrier oils alone and in combination with essential oils were tested in 1:1 ratios using the broth microdilution assay as detailed in [2].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has, however, been found that a base can influence the overall antimicrobial activity of the oil [6]. Yet, there is a paucity of information relating to the effects of carrier oils on the antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity of essential oils [7]; thus this study investigates this void with special emphasis on oils implicated in dermatology and interactions affecting skin pathogens.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Influence of Carrier Oils on the Antimicrobial Activity and Cytotoxicity of Essential Oils

Orchard

Kamatou

Viljoen

et al. 2019

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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The topical use of essential oils requires dilution into a carrier oil; however, scientific evidence regarding the antimicrobial efficacy and cytotoxicity when a carrier oil is combined with an essential oil is lacking. This study sets out to determine the antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity of 23 essential oils combined with six known carrier oils. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry/flame ionization detector (GC-MS/FID) was used to characterize the methyl esters of the carrier oils. The antimicrobial activity of the carrier oils alone and in combination with the essential oils was investigated using the broth microdilution assay against 11 skin pathogens and the cytotoxicity was determined using the brine shrimp lethality assay. The interactive profiles of the combinations for both antimicrobial activity and the cytotoxicity were analysed and calculated using the fractional inhibitory concentration index (ΣFIC). The carrier oils demonstrated no antimicrobial antagonism when combined with the essential oils and the overall cytotoxicity of the majority of the combinations was decreased. The carrier oils that could be identified as enhancing the antimicrobial activity and decreasing the cytotoxicity were Aloe vera Mill. and Simmondsia chinensis C.K.Schneid (Jojoba oil), with an overall reduction in essential oil cytotoxicity of 87.5% at 24 hrs and 85% at 48 hrs by A. vera. Five of the essential oils (when diluted in A. vera and S. chinensis carrier oils) demonstrated enhanced antimicrobial activity against pathogens such as Brevibacterium epidermidis, B. linens, and P. aeruginosa with MIC values ranging from 0.09 to 0.50 mg/mL (and ΣFIC 0.14-0.39). The study could conclude that the carrier oils are complementary to essential oil formulations, mostly reducing cytotoxicity and in some cases enhancing the antimicrobial activity.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Influence of Carrier Oils on the Antimicrobial Activity and Cytotoxicity of Essential Oils

Orchard

Kamatou

Viljoen

et al. 2019

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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“…Treatment is expected to improve skin parameters, but the same treatment in different models could differently affect recovery. Preparation containing Hypericum perforatum's oil was chosen as a topical treatment as its traditional use (and conducted clinical trials) support its use in all three damage models investigated in this study 12‐15 . It was found effective in treatment of patients with dermatitis, 14 and SLS model is used as a contact dermatitis model 2 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Comparison of mechanical, chemical and physical human models of in vivo skin damage: Randomized controlled trial

Leskur

Perišić

Romac

et al. 2020

Skin Research and Technology

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Introduction Human in vivo models of skin damage were often used in research of cutaneous disorders. The most commonly used models were tape‐stripping as mechanical, sodium lauryl sulphate‐induced irritation as chemical and ultraviolet radiation as physical damage model. In regard to differences between models, they were expected to have different responses to damage and recovery, with unique skin parameters’ changes over time. Objective The aim was to compare skin parameters in three different skin damage models on the same anatomical location, with and without topical treatment. Methods Four test sites on each forearm were randomly assigned to three skin damage models with the fourth sites on each forearm chosen as a control, undamaged site. Skin parameters were assessed using non‐invasive methods. Results Sodium lauryl sulphate irritation caused the strongest damage with delayed reaction to the irritant. Tape stripping leads to highest initial skin barrier disruption but afterwards it showed the fastest skin recovery. Ultraviolet radiation did not affect skin barrier function, but it elevated skin erythema and melanin level. Tested preparation did not lead to changes in measured parameters. Conclusion The skin of the participants had different response to three skin damage models with distinct changes of skin parameters and recovery. The trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under the identifier NCT03783819.

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Bioactive Phytochemicals from Evening Primrose (Oenothera biennis) Oil-processing By-products

Durazzo

Lucarini

Lena

et al. 2022

Reference Series in Phytochemistry

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Carrier oils in dermatology

Cited by 16 publications

References 191 publications

The Influence of Carrier Oils on the Antimicrobial Activity and Cytotoxicity of Essential Oils

The Influence of Carrier Oils on the Antimicrobial Activity and Cytotoxicity of Essential Oils

Comparison of mechanical, chemical and physical human models of in vivo skin damage: Randomized controlled trial

Bioactive Phytochemicals from Evening Primrose (Oenothera biennis) Oil-processing By-products

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