Comparison of mechanical, chemical and physical human models of in vivo skin damage: Randomized controlled trial

Abstract

Introduction Human in vivo models of skin damage were often used in research of cutaneous disorders. The most commonly used models were tape‐stripping as mechanical, sodium lauryl sulphate‐induced irritation as chemical and ultraviolet radiation as physical damage model. In regard to differences between models, they were expected to have different responses to damage and recovery, with unique skin parameters’ changes over time. Objective The aim was to compare skin parameters in three different skin damage models on the same anatomical location, with and without topical treatment. Methods Four test sites on each forearm were randomly assigned to three skin damage models with the fourth sites on each forearm chosen as a control, undamaged site. Skin parameters were assessed using non‐invasive methods. Results Sodium lauryl sulphate irritation caused the strongest damage with delayed reaction to the irritant. Tape stripping leads to highest initial skin barrier disruption but afterwards it showed the fastest skin recovery. Ultraviolet radiation did not affect skin barrier function, but it elevated skin erythema and melanin level. Tested preparation did not lead to changes in measured parameters. Conclusion The skin of the participants had different response to three skin damage models with distinct changes of skin parameters and recovery. The trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under the identifier NCT03783819.

Introducing the model of repeated exposure of skin to antiseptics: Randomised pilot trial

“…Melanin production and redistribution could be increased due to the inflammation of the skin, as seen in previous research. 10,15 Sham irritation also affected some skin parameters, with significant increase of the TEWL and hydration values. However, the erythema and melanin values were comparable to those of the intact skin so we could conclude that the changes were only due to the effects of the occlusion, and not because of inflammation.…”

“…Double randomisation was used to reduce the effects of intraregional test site variation, as described in the previous research 9,10 . First, sequence of the test sites was determined randomly for each participant, with test sites on two forearms being symmetrical.…”

“…8 In these settings, researchers can choose the testing site, degree of irritation by adjusting the irritant concentration and exposure time, whether they want to test effects of acute or chronic exposure and many other variables. [8][9][10] Sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS) is most frequently chosen for the induction of skin irritation. 8 Nevertheless, a model to test the effects of antiseptics has yet to be developed.…”

“…For those reasons, human in vivo models are being developed, where the irritation can be induced on the skin of healthy volunteers in controlled conditions 8 . In these settings, researchers can choose the testing site, degree of irritation by adjusting the irritant concentration and exposure time, whether they want to test effects of acute or chronic exposure and many other variables 8–10 . Sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS) is most frequently chosen for the induction of skin irritation 8 .…”

Recent Advances in Nano-Formulations for Skin Wound Repair Applications

“…Some studies have found that the skin irritation by anionic detergent sodium lauryl sulphate which causes chemical damage of the stratum corneum and interrupts skin barrier function. 45 Pathological wounds, such as diabetic foot ulcers, can be classified according to their size (area and depth), infection and ischemia. Ulcers in the early stages are limited to the skin and subcutaneous tissue, and in severe cases they can reach muscles, tendons or deeper.…”