Care methods for the cultivation of maize hybrids with diferent early maturity in the forest-steppe zone of Western Siberia

Abstract

The authors presented the results of a comparative productivity study of maize hybrids Obsky 140 SV and Kubansky 101 SV. The experiment consisted of the following variants: preemergence + preemergence harrowing (B1 + B2), first and second inter-row cultivation (M1 + M2), herbicide Lazurit (treated in phase 7-9 of maize leaves against dicotyledonous weeds) at the dose of 0.7 l of preparation for 300 l water, working fluid consumption - 300 l/ha based on the recommendations for using Lazurit. The authors also identified the patterns of forage grain yield formation depending on the studied care methods. According to the results of their research, the authors found that the grain yield of the ultra-early maturing hybrid Kubansky 101 CB was 1.7- 3.1 times higher than that of the early maturing hybrid Obsky 140 CB when cultivating different maize hybrids in years with insufficient heat supply (2014) under the same methods of care. Under 2017 conditions with good heat supply, the grain yield of hybrid Obsky 140 SV was 15% higher than that of hybrid Kubansky 101 SV. On average in 3 years hybrid Obsky 140 SV grain yield was more responsive to tending, especially the complex of mechanized treatments (B1B2 + M1M2), where 67.5 c/ha of forage grain was obtained. The use of herbicide Lazurit ensured the lowest grain yield among the variants - 50.4 c/ha for hybrid Kubansky 101 SV and 62.8 c/ha for Ob 140 SV. Mechanical treatments (two harrowing and two inter-row cultivations) and a combination of pre-emergence harrowing, herbicide and inter-row cultivation ensured the highest grain yield in both hybrids: Kubansky 101 CB - 61.9, Obsky 140 CB – 70.3 c/ha.