Cardiovascular manifestation and treatment in COVID-19

Abstract

The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), with first presentation of atypical pneumonia, has spread rapidly from Wuhan, China, on December 12, 2019 to over 200 countries, caused 2 310 572 infected individuals and 158 691 mortalities, updated on April 19, 2020. Many studies have published timely to help global healthcare workers to understand and control the disease. Vulnerable patients with risk factors such as elderly, cardiovascular diseases (eg, hypertension, coronary disease, or cardiomyopathy), diabetes, and chronic kidney disease have worse outcomes after COVID-19 infection. COVID-19 could directly cause cardiovascular injuries such as pericarditis, myocarditis, myocardial infarction, heart failure, arrhythmias, or thromboembolic events, which urge cardiologists to be involved in the frontline to practice. Here, we provide a review of COVID-19 on cardiovascular system to assist clinical cardiologists to better understand the disease and being capable of providing comprehensive medical support.

The Perception of COVID-19 among Italian Dentists: An Orthodontic Point of View

“…COVID-19 patients could have upper respiratory tract infection (RTI), fever, dry cough, dyspnea and severe viral pneumonia with respiratory failure and even death, but there is a percentage of those infected that shows mild symptoms (pharyngodynia, nasal congestion, olfactory and gustative disorders) or no symptoms [4,5]. COVID-19 could directly cause cardiovascular injuries such as pericarditis, myocarditis, myocardial infarction, heart failure, arrhythmias or thromboembolic events [6]. In a few weeks, COVID-19 had spread all over the world and on 11 March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared it a pandemic.…”

Subacute COVID-19 Infection Presenting as Indolent Large Pericardial Effusion

“…Now widespread, there have been reports of extrapulmonary manifestations of the disease. Cardiovascular manifestations of COVID-19 are diverse and include acute coronary syndrome, myocarditis masquerading as ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, acute pericarditis with pericardial effusion, heart failure, arrhythmias, and thromboembolic events [ 2 , 3 ]. This case report describes a patient who had minimal symptoms for weeks and was found to have large pericardial effusion.…”

Association of COVID-19 Infection and Purpura Fulminans

“…This disease most frequently is manifested as viral pneumonia characterized by symptoms such as fever, dyspnea, and cough. However, extrapulmonary and atypical presentations, such as gastrointestinal, neurologic, and cardiovascular involvement, as well as thromboembolic events, have been reported amongst COVID-19 patients (4)(5)(6)(7). Herein, we present a patient referred to Namazi Hospital, Shiraz, Iran, with an impression of gastroenteritis whose COVID-19 PCR turned out to be positive and progressed to purpura fulminans (PF).…”