Cardioprotective Effect of Nerium oleander Flower Against Isoproterenol-Induced Myocardial Oxidative Stress in Experimental Rats

Abstract

Nerium oleander Linn (NOL) an evergreen shrub belonging to the Apocynaceae family has been reported to have a wide spectrum of bioactivities. In in vitro study, the free radical scavenging potential of the hydroethanolic extract of N oleander Linn (ENO) flower and its fractions (glycosidic and nonglycosidic) were studied using 2, 2(')-azino-di [3-ethylbenzthiazoline sulphonate] (ABTS(*+) ) and 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH*) scavenging assay. ENO exhibited better radical scavenging activities than its fractions. Furthermore, the cardioprotective role of ENO (10, 30, 100 mg/kg, per oral [po]) was tested against isoproterenol-induced myocardial toxicity (ISO, 120 mg/kg per day, subcutaneously [sc], for 2 days at 48 hours interval) in experimental rats when compared to propranolol (5 mg/kg, po) which was the standard. Pretreatment with ENO (10, 30, and 100 mg/kg) and propranolol for 2 weeks followed by ISO challenge in rats prevented the elevation of marker enzymes such as lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT), creatine kinase (CK-MB and creatine phosphokinase [CPK]), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in plasma. In addition, pretreatment with ENO and propranolol significantly attenuated the lipid peroxidation by maintaining the levels of enzymatic (superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase) and nonenzymatic antioxidants (reduced glutathione and nitrite), which was also confirmed histologically. Taken together, the current study indicates that the hydroalcoholic extract of N oleander Linn flowers aid in cardioprotection probably by improving the antioxidant defense system during experimental myocardial necrosis.

Role of Different Doses of Vitamin E in Protection Against Isoproterenol-Induced Myocardial Damage in Adult Male Albino Rat: A Light and Electron Microscopic Study

“…In addition to intercellular and interstitial inflammatory cellular infiltration with endothelial damage associated with hemorrhage and extravasation of blood cells in between the myocytes. These histopathological changes are in agreement with previous researchers confirming the success of the current MI model [8,12,26,30] . These changes are most probably consequential to the increase in the radical oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide anion and hydroxyl radicals in ischemic tissues, thus resulting in oxidative damage to membrane lipids, proteins, carbohydrates and DNA [31] .…”

Bone marrow mononuclear cells enhance anti-inflammatory effects of pravastatin against isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in rats

“…Thus, in the present study, the increase in cardiac MDA content (an indicator for lipid peroxidation) and decrease in cardiac SOD content in the ISO group could be expected. The current results are in line with the work of other investigators (Panda and Naik 2009;Gayathri et al 2011;Kannan and Quine 2013). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) participate in cardiomyocyte apoptosis and inflammation, especially in AMI (Sun 2007).…”

Protective effect of a polysaccharide from Salvia miltiorrhiza on isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial injury in rats

“…Administration of high dose of ISO has been reported to depress total cellular antioxidant capacity and result in lipid peroxidation in the myocardium of rats (Gayathri et al, 2011). In the present study, induction of oxidative stress in the heart tissue of ISO administered rats was manifested by the reduction in myocardial antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, CAT, and GPX) and myocardial non-enzymatic antioxidant level (GSH), along with an increase in TBARS level, which is consistent with similar findings in earlier studies (Abhilash et al, 2011;Ojha et al, 2011).…”