Cardiac protection of germinated brown rice extract in rabbit model of chronic myocardial infarction

Abstract

Ischemic heart disease is a leading cause of mortality in the world. This study aimed to investigate the cardioprotective effects of germinated brown rice (GBR) on a rabbit model of chronic myocardial infarction. Eighteen New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into three groups receiving: 1) regular rabbit food; 2) regular rabbit food plus vehicle; and 3) regular rabbit food plus GBR for 120 d. The left circumflex coronary artery was ligated to induce myocardial ischemia 60 d after starting the experiment (baseline). Heart functions were monitored by electrocardiography and echocardiography at 0, 30, and 60 d after coronary artery ligation. The incidences of heart rate (HR) and ventricular arrhythmias have been compared between groups. GBR showed the effects to prevent life-threatening ventricular tachycardia and electrocardiographic signs of myocardial ischemia in a model of arrhythmias. GBR consumption group exhibited significantly improved cardiac function and reduced the HR, along with reduced mean arterial pressure and plasma glucose level. The results demonstrated that GBR exerts cardioprotective effects against chronic myocardial injury in rabbits. These biological actions of GBR may explain the benefits gained from the use of GBR products as a possible prophylactic lifestyle intervention.

Bioactive Compounds from Germinated Brown Rice Protect Cardiomyocytes Against Simulated Ischemic/Reperfusion Injury by Ameliorating Mitochondrial Dysfunction

“… 30 Our previous study demonstrated several methods, including hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and water extracts owing to GBR crude extraction. 31 Due to that, this study preferred GBR crude extraction from the water extraction method for the whole experimental study.…”

“…Moreover, a previous study reported that GBR exhibited protective activity in both the in vitro and animal models with chronic myocardial infarction. 28 , 31 The cardioprotective activities of GBR extract were hypothesized by the action of phenolic compounds as major bioactive compounds. 28 , 31 Consistent with the present study, we found that GBR mostly contains phenolic contents, total flavonoid content, and GABA, respectively.…”

A Cardiac Protection of Germinated Brown Rice During Cardiopulmonary Bypass Surgery and Simulated Myocardial Ischemia

“…Bio-functional foods, especially GBR, have gained extensive attention due to their health-enhancing properties. 13,[15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] However, a few previous studies prosperously published the potential effects of GBR on cardiac protection, including anti-inflammation, anti-oxidant, and anti-arrhythmia. [21][22][23] They found that GBR demonstrated the cardio-protective effects against ischemic-reperfusion injury both in vitro and in vivo experiment from chronic myocardial injury.…”

“…13,[15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] However, a few previous studies prosperously published the potential effects of GBR on cardiac protection, including anti-inflammation, anti-oxidant, and anti-arrhythmia. [21][22][23] They found that GBR demonstrated the cardio-protective effects against ischemic-reperfusion injury both in vitro and in vivo experiment from chronic myocardial injury. A study in H9c2 cells revealed that GBR exerted its cardioprotective effects by preserving mitochondria function regarding mitochondria membrane potential and mitochondria respiration.…”

“…15,22 The significant active substrates of GBR extract have been demonstrated as anti-inflammatory, anti-arrhythmia, antidiabetic properties, anti-obesity, and anti-oxidant. [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]32 It seems that the anti-inflammatory effect of GBR is due to enrichment of flavonoid and phenolic compound contents. It has been documented that flavonoid significantly prohibited a number of inflammatory mediators and prevents the synthesis of prostaglandins.…”