Cardiac Pacing in Clinical Practice

Fischer, Wilhelm; Ritter, Ph.; Ruffy, Rodolphe

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-58810-5

Cited by 23 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…table 1). Equation 18 yields the substantiation for this effect. Due to the course of a right pectorally implanted CPM lead the effective induction area of the CPM-lead-tissue loop is already reduced in contrast to the left pectorally implanted CPM lead.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Atrially controlled CPM systems are programmed much more sensitively than ventricularly controlled ones. Fischer and Ritter [18] indicate a sensitivity setting s of 1.5 to 2 mV for atrially and minimal 4 mV for ventricularly controlled systems. In contrast the effective induction loop areas stretched by unipolar atrially and unipolar ventricularly con-A.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This piece of lead is coiled and put under the CPM chassis [18]. Consequently, the piece composes an additional loop in uencing the effective induction loop area of the A. Scholten and J. Silny Interference threshold of cardiac pacemakers cardiac pacemaker system.…”

Section: Experiments In the Tank Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The interference threshold of unipolar cardiac pacemakers in extremely low frequency magnetic fields

Scholten

Silny²

2001

Journal of Medical Engineering & Technology

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The effective induction loop area of implanted cardiac pacemaker (CPM) systems in magnetic fields was determined. The results were verified in a tank model placed in the centre of a Helmholtz-coil-arrangement. Both a left and a right pectorally implanted unipolar dual chamber CPM system were simulated. On this basis and with the results of benchmark-tests the interference thresholds for a collection of modern CPMs in extremely low frequency (ELF) magnetic fields were estimated. The investigations clearly showed that there are two loops, the CPM-lead-tissue-loop and the body loop, responsible for the magnitude of the disturbance voltage on the input of a cardiac pacemaker. The effective induction loop areas rangedfrom 100 to 221 cm2. For a left pectorally implanted, atrially controlled CPM system the interference thresholds for the magnetic induction lay between 16 and 552 micro T (RMS) for frequencies of the magneticfield between 10 and 250 Hz. Thus, there is a limited possibility for an interference of implanted CPM by ELF magnetic fields in everyday life.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The interference threshold of unipolar cardiac pacemakers in extremely low frequency magnetic fields

Scholten

Silny²

2001

Journal of Medical Engineering & Technology

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“…However, if a ventricular sensed event occurs during AV delay, and the following atrial sensed event is detected just before the end of this lower rate interval, a ventricular stimulus is delivered at the end of the AV delay, and the actual V-V interval becomes nearly equal to the sum of the lower rate interval and an interval between the sensed ventricular event and the end of AV delay, thus leading to a lower rate which is actually lower than the programmed lower rate limit. Type III gives priority to maintaining the lower rate over AV synchronous pacing 4,5) (Figure 3). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sinus Bradycardia with Heart Rate Lower than the Programmed Lower Rate Limit in a Patient with an Implanted VDD Pacemaker

2006

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The authors present a case report of a patient with an implanted VDD pacemaker whose postoperative ECG revealed sinus bradycardia, showing the heart rate remarkably lower than the programmed lower rate limit. Upon assessing some pacemaker manufacturers' mechanisms to set the lower rate limit in VDD mode, it was found that they can be classified into four types. The mechanisms are based on keeping atrioventricular (AV) synchronous pacing in VDD mode or maintaining the lower rate limit in VVI mode. AV synchronous pacing results in producing an actual heart rate which is lower than the programmed lower rate limit. The classification also depends on whether the pacemakers are operating on either atrial-based or ventricular-based lower rate timing. Therefore, the actual heart rate can be lower than the programmed lower rate limit, depending on the VDD pacemaker model. (J Arrhythmia 2006; 22: 187-191)

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“…According to the application, pacemakers can be classified as external, employed temporarily, or implantable, for permanent use [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of an integrated low power high CMRR instrumentation amplifier for biomedical applications

Prior

Rodrigues

Batista

et al. 2007

Proceedings of the 20th Annual Conference on Integrated Circuits and Systems Design

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This paper presents the design of a low-power high-CMRR CMOS instrumentation amplifier (IA) aimed for biomedical applications. The amplifier fundamentals were initially presented followed by its main building blocks. Simulation and experimental results were presented and discussed. The IA circuit was designed in AMIS 1.5 µm technology and manufactured through the MOSIS Service. The measured gain,CMRR and power consumption were 65dB, 120dB and 100uW respectively

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Cardiac Pacing in Clinical Practice

Cited by 23 publications

References 0 publications

The interference threshold of unipolar cardiac pacemakers in extremely low frequency magnetic fields

The interference threshold of unipolar cardiac pacemakers in extremely low frequency magnetic fields

Sinus Bradycardia with Heart Rate Lower than the Programmed Lower Rate Limit in a Patient with an Implanted VDD Pacemaker

Design of an integrated low power high CMRR instrumentation amplifier for biomedical applications

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