Carcinoid metastatic to the ovary.A clinicopathologic analysis of 35 cases

Robboy, Stanley J.; Scully, Robert E.; Norris, Henry J.

doi:10.1002/1097-0142(197403)33:3<798::aid-cncr2820330327>3.0.co;2-l

Cited by 128 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Primary and metastatic carcinoids merit brief comment with regard to differential diagnosis with sclerotic SCSTs 28–31 because their major patterns, insular, acinar, and trabecular to corded are shared with SCSTs, and carcinoids often have a conspicuous stroma. The latter is usually fibromatous and only uncommonly significantly sclerotic but the latter is seen from time to time, as pointed out by Robboy et al 28 in their classic paper on carcinoid metastatic to the ovary. Also, in a series of strumal carcinoids, 10% had stroma with a “hyalinized glassy appearance.“ 29 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sclerosis in Sex Cord-Stromal Tumors Other Than the Sclerosing Stromal Tumor

Devins

Young

2023

American Journal of Surgical Pathology

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Sclerosis is well-known in sclerosing stromal tumors (SSTs), as its name indicates, but has not been evaluated in other ovarian sex cord-stromal tumors (SCSTs). Its presence in other SCSTs has sporadically caused diagnostic problems in cases we have seen, and this prompted us to review SCSTs with appreciable sclerosis; tumors containing at least 20% sclerosis were included. Seventy cases were identified: 20 thecomas, 20 juvenile granulosa cell tumors (JGCTs), 8 adult granulosa cell tumors (AGCTs), 5 sex cord tumors with annular tubules, 6 retiform Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors (SLCTs; all of the intermediate differentiation), 4 nonretiform SLCTs (3 well-differentiated, 1 of intermediate differentiation with heterologous elements), 4 Sertoli cell tumors, and 3 microcystic stromal tumors (MSTs). Paucicellular sclerotic zones comprised 20% to 95% of the tumors and when conspicuous often obscured diagnostic features. Thirty-one tumors (10 thecomas, 19 JGCTs, 1 AGCT, and 1 MST) showed sclerotic zones focally enveloping nodules of tumor cells, imparting a pseudolobular appearance, and sclerosis often occurred within lobules as well. Ten of these (5 thecomas and 5 JGCTs) also had prominent staghorn blood vessels, generating a low-power appearance focally similar to SST. In 17 tumors, the sclerosis resulted in “compression” of the tumor cells into cords and/or solid tubules. Correct diagnosis in these cases is dependent on careful examination of the cellular zones of the neoplasms, but awareness of the extent of sclerosis that may be seen in diverse SCSTs may be crucial in suggesting the correct diagnosis particularly when the material is limited as in the intraoperative setting. Our findings highlight for the first time the occurrence and character of sclerosis in sex cord tumors other than SSTs and fibromas. Sclerosis is seen in descending proportion of the tumor types as follows: retiform SLCTs, thecomas, MSTs, JGCTs, sex cord tumors with annular tubules, Sertoli cell tumors, AGCTs, and nonretiform SLCTs. Its character can vary somewhat, having particular features in the sex cord tumor with annular tubules (hyaline material within tubules often coalescing and extending beyond the nests to form confluent aggregates) and retiform SLCTs (common in papillary cores).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sclerosis in Sex Cord-Stromal Tumors Other Than the Sclerosing Stromal Tumor

Devins

Young

2023

American Journal of Surgical Pathology

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“…As metastatic tumours tend to be aggressive and have poor outcome, the distinction between ovarian primary and metastatic carcinoids has clinical and prognostic implications. We did literature search for evidence supporting primary ovarian carcinoid versus metastatic carcinoid of the ovary and found that the earliest evidence published was in 1974 by Robboy et al 19. They studied 35 cases of carcinoid tumour metastatic to the ovary and found that 28 out of 35 patients19 had bilateral ovarian involvement, while in the rest of the patients bilaterality could not be assessed due to previous oophorectomy and lack of data.…”

Section: Discussion and Review Of Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…We did literature search for evidence supporting primary ovarian carcinoid versus metastatic carcinoid of the ovary and found that the earliest evidence published was in 1974 by Robboy et al 19. They studied 35 cases of carcinoid tumour metastatic to the ovary and found that 28 out of 35 patients19 had bilateral ovarian involvement, while in the rest of the patients bilaterality could not be assessed due to previous oophorectomy and lack of data. In contrast, another study on primary ovarian carcinoids (48 cases) by the same authors found that patients with primary ovarian carcinoids had unilateral ovarian involvement in majority of cases.…”

Section: Discussion and Review Of Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Carcinoid ovary with synchronous carcinoid tumour of the appendix: report of a rare occurrence with review of literature

et al. 2022

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Carcinoid tumours are present in a wide range of organs but most frequently involve the gastrointestinal tract and rarely reported in gynaecological organs. Literature reports that the prevalence of ovarian carcinoid is 0.3%–1% of ovarian neoplasms and accounts for only 5% of ovarian teratomas. The pathogenesis of neuroendocrine tumours associated with synchronous primaries is undetermined and many theories have been proposed, such as existence of a common carcinogenic effect or a common stem cell undergoing similar genetic mutation. Paracrine or autocrine growth loop effect by the secretory peptides of the neuroendocrine cell tumours is also suggested. Since carcinoids are variably positive in neuroendocrine and organ-specific markers, there are no immunohistochemistry markers to delineate the definite primary site of origin versus metastasis. We report a rare case of carcinoid ovary with synchronous carcinoid tumour of the appendix. In our case, the presence of contralateral teratomatous elements may hint primary struma carcinoid instead of being metastatic from the appendix. A strumal carcinoid component was also highlighted by PAX8 positivity. This led us to conclude the case as concurrent appendix carcinoid with struma carcinoid as two independent primaries with uncertain pathogenesis. Histologically, as both tumours are well differentiated with Ki-67 of less than 3%, the decision of the joint tumour board was to keep the patient on surveillance, with no adjuvant treatment needed. The patient is currently on surveillance and the follow-up period of 24 months to date has been uneventful.

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“…3–11 Distinguishing primary ovarian carcinoid from metastatic carcinoid can be very difficult. Primary carcinoids of the ovary are generally unilateral.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Metastatic carcinoids are nearly always bilateral and scattered tumor deposits are present throughout both ovaries. 3 In the case we describe, the appendix had been removed 27 years before the first ovarian tumor occurred, effectively excluding the appendix as the primary. After the initial surgery, extensive investigation failed to reveal any tumor elsewhere and no other primary has manifest itself in the following 15 years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mucinous carcinoid of the ovary: report of a case with metastasis in the contralateral ovary after ten years

Buis¹,

Doorn²,

Dinjens

et al. 2010

Rare Tumors

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Monodermal teratomas of the ovary can take the form of carcinoid tumors of which there are several types, mucinous carcinoid being the least common. Very few cases of primary mucinous carcinoid of the ovary have been reported in the literature and the behavior of these tumors over the long term is unclear. We describe a case of primary mucinous carcinoid of the ovary in a 39-year-old woman treated with unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, where a metastasis occurred in the contralateral ovary ten years later. This case demonstrates that mucinous carcinoid of the ovary can metastasize even after a long interval, and careful follow-up of patients, particularly those treated conservatively, is appropriate.

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Carcinoid metastatic to the ovary.A clinicopathologic analysis of 35 cases

Cited by 128 publications

References 22 publications

Sclerosis in Sex Cord-Stromal Tumors Other Than the Sclerosing Stromal Tumor

Sclerosis in Sex Cord-Stromal Tumors Other Than the Sclerosing Stromal Tumor

Carcinoid ovary with synchronous carcinoid tumour of the appendix: report of a rare occurrence with review of literature

Mucinous carcinoid of the ovary: report of a case with metastasis in the contralateral ovary after ten years

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