Carbon quantum dots intercalated in polypyrrole (PPy) thin electrodes for accelerated energy storage

Zero‐Dimensional Carbon Nanomaterials for Electrochemical Energy Storage

“…An additional enhancement of the electrochemical properties of CQDs/GQDs-based composites can be achieved by doping their structures with heteroatoms (oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus, boron), which results in the formation of the new active sites. [168] Materials combining CQDs or GQDs with selected metals, [169] metal oxides, [170][171][172][173][174][175][176] sulfides, [177,178] hydroxides, [179] spinels, [180][181][182] conductive polymers, [183][184][185][186][187][188] or carbon nanostructures [189][190][191] are increasingly used in supercapacitors [170,[172][173][174][175][176][177][178][179][180][183][184][185][186][187][188][189]191] and batteries. [169][170][171]17...…”

“…Malik et al compared the electrochemical properties of CQDs/PPy composites synthesized in different mass ratios and at different time intervals, which facilitates the selection of the optimal composition of the electrode layer. [188] A more sophisticated system combining CQDs with PANI was synthesized by Zhao et al [186] In this case, the composite material was produced through photo-assisted cyclic voltammetry electrodeposition route (Figure 20a). As a result of the imposed conditions, PANI nanowires were grown vertically on carbon fibers, thus creating a three-dimensional cross-linked network (Figure 20b).…”

“…[208] The share of GQDs or CQDs in composite materials used in supercapacitors is explained by their easy surface modification, fast electron transfer, rich heteroatom doping, and their large specific surface area, [209] which facilitates high electrochemical capacity. Components interacting with GQDs or CQDs bring even greater benefits in the area of energy storage including conductive polymers, [183][184][185][186][187][188][210][211][212] metal oxides, [170][171][172][173][174][175][176]213,214] hydroxides [179] and sulfides, [177,178,215] spinels, [181][182][183] and other carbon nanostructures of various dimensionality. [189,191,216,217] Examples of composites of this type with an indication of their utility in the construction of SCs are summarized in Table 5.…”

Bioactive Graphene Quantum Dots Based Polymer Composite for Biomedical Applications

“…When water molecules stick together, an “electrostatic” bond is formed between an oxygen atom from one molecule (which has a negatively charged particle) and a hydrogen atom from another molecule (which has a positively charged particle), and this is a hydrogen bond. The distribution of attractive driving force interactions when using this method to prepare GQD/polymer composites led to the creation of suitable quality nanocomposites with good GQDs [ 209 , 210 , 211 , 212 , 213 , 214 ].…”

Prolific intercalation of VO2 (D)/polypyrrole/g-C3N4 as an energy storing electrode with remarkable capacitance

“…The value of specific capacitance from CV can be calculated using eqn (1). 64 where C V = specific capacitance in F g −1 , I = current in A, ν = scan rate in mV s −1 , m = active mass loaded on electrode in mg, Δ V = operating potential window. CV provides both qualitative and quantitative information about electrochemical systems.…”