Carbon‐based sorbents in chromatography. New achievements

Cserháti, Tibor

doi:10.1002/bmc.1168

Cited by 31 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 62 publications

(48 reference statements)

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“…Carbonaceous materials are versatile sorbents used in a wide range of applications [1-3]– most particularly, for gas and liquid chromatography (LC) [4,5]. Two commercial carbon phases for LC - carbon clad zirconia (C/ZrO 2 ) and porous graphitic carbon (Hypercarb) – among all the available reversed-phase materials show unique forms of chromatographic selectivity for polar and nonpolar compounds, as well as for structural isomers, and thus have been used to separate analytes that are not readily resolved by conventional reversed phases (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New method for development of carbon clad silica phases for liquid chromatography: Part I. Preparation of carbon phases

Paek

McCormick

Carr

2011

Journal of Chromatography A

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Owing to its combination of unique selectivity and mechanical strength, commercial carbon clad zirconia (C/ZrO2) has been widely used for many applications, including fast two-dimensional liquid chromatography (2DLC). However, the low surface area available (only 20 - 30 m2/g for commercial porous ZrO2) limits its retentivity. We have recently addressed this limitation by developing a carbon phase coated on the high surface area of HPLC grade alumina (C/Al2O3). This material provides higher retentivity and comparable selectivity, but its use is still limited by how few HPLC quality types of alumina particles (e.g., particle size, surface area, pore size) are available. In this work, we have developed useful carbon phases on silica particles, which are available in various particle sizes, pore sizes and forms of HPLC grade. To make the carbon phase on silica, we first treat the silica surface with a monolayer or less of metal cations that bind to deprotonated silanols to provide catalytic sites for carbon deposition. After Al (III) treatment, a carbon phase is formed on the silica surface by chemical vapor deposition at 700 °C using hexane as the carbon source. The amount of Al (III) on the surface was varied to assess its effect on carbon deposition, and the carbon loading was varied at different Al (III) levels to assess its effect on the chromatographic properties of the various carbon adsorbents. We observed that use of a concentration of Al (III) corresponding to a full monolayer leads to the most uniform carbon coating. A carbon coating sufficient to cover all the Al (III) sites, required about 4 – 5 monolayers in this work, provided the best chromatographic performance. The resulting carbon phases behave as reversed phases with reasonable efficiency (50,000 – 79,000 plates/meter) for non-aromatic test species.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New method for development of carbon clad silica phases for liquid chromatography: Part I. Preparation of carbon phases

Paek

McCormick

Carr

2011

Journal of Chromatography A

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“…Sometimes solvent modifiers were used, such as acids, bases, and salts, and ionic solvents have also been explored [8,20,21]. Moreover, various methods and techniques used to extract polyphenols from plant materials have ended up obtaining RA as one of the principal components [22][23][24][25][26]. l " Table 1 shows a summary of selected techniques for RA extraction.…”

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confidence: 99%

Rosmarinic Acid – Pharmaceutical and Clinical Aspects

et al. 2016

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The natural compound RA [(R)-(+)-rosmarinic acid, l " Fig. 1 is a common ester derived from caffeic acid and (R)-(+)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)lactic acid that can accumulate in high amounts in many plant species. RA is abundant in several medicinal plants of the Lamiaceae family, such as rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.), spearmint (Mentha spp.), and lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.), and also in plants used in traditional Chinese medicine, such as Perilla frutescens (L.) Britton, Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, and Rabdosia rubescens (Hemsl.) H. Hara. Many studies have reported the role of RA in the biological activity of these plants as well as its pharmaceutical and biotechnological

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“…Several authors [4][5][6] have discussed the possible use of MWCNT-packed column in chromatography, but only a few reports have described the actual separation of proteins by MWCNT chromatography. According to our literature survey, MWCNT has been used as an extraction sorbent for determination of trace copper in water samples 7) , or as an absorbent for trapping volatile organic compounds from environmental samples 8,9) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromatography of carbon nanotubes separated albumin from other serum proteins: a method for direct analysis of their interactions

et al. 2010

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Chromatography technology was employed to clarify the mechanism of interaction between multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and proteins. A column (16×100 mm) was packed with purified MWCNT, and various proteins were eluted with phosphate buffered saline (PBS) with and without gradient systems. It was found that albumin in bovine serum was eluted immediately from the column without any adsorption to MWCNT. Conversely, the non-albumin proteins, including a protein of 85 kDa molecular mass and a group of proteins with molecular masses higher than 115 kDa, exhibited considerably high affinity towards MWCNT. A sample of pure bovine serum albumin was also eluted immediately from the column, while lysozyme did not elute as a peak with PBS, but eluted with 0.6 M NaCl. Fundamentally, carbon nanotubes are devoid of any electrical charge. Therefore, other forces including the hydrogen bonds, hydrophilic interactions, and van der Waals forces were most probably responsible for the differential elution behaviors. In conclusion, this chromatographic method provided a simple and direct analysis of the interactions between carbon nanotubes and the various proteins.

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Carbon‐based sorbents in chromatography. New achievements

Cited by 31 publications

References 62 publications

New method for development of carbon clad silica phases for liquid chromatography: Part I. Preparation of carbon phases

New method for development of carbon clad silica phases for liquid chromatography: Part I. Preparation of carbon phases

Rosmarinic Acid – Pharmaceutical and Clinical Aspects

Chromatography of carbon nanotubes separated albumin from other serum proteins: a method for direct analysis of their interactions

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