Carbon‐Based Nanostructures for Advanced Catalysis

Abstract

The development of state‐of‐the‐art catalysts plays a crucial role in the fields of materials science and engineering for efficient energy conversion and storage. Although some excellent catalysts have been developed, considerable challenges remain to bring down the cost and increase the activity of catalysts. The emergence of carbon materials (i.e., activated carbon, graphite, fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, diamond, graphene, etc.) provides an excellent alternative to traditional catalysts. Considerable effort has been made to develop diverse carbon‐based catalysts, including carbon in itself, heteroatom‐doped carbon, carbon supported catalysts, carbon hybrids, and so on. Additionally, tremendous progress has been achieved in various catalysis fields, such as chemical synthesis, gas or oil desulfurization, biosensor, energy storage and conversion, organism photodegradation, etc. This article reviews the versatility of carbon family, and their endless catalytic properties and applications, from the viewpoint of materials and chemistry.

Highly energetic compositions based on functionalized carbon nanomaterials

“…They have found application in such diverse areas as composite materials, energy storage and conversion, sensors, drug delivery, field emission devices and nanoscale electronic components, due to their strong adsorption capacity, chemical stability, and high mechanical strength as well as easy modification. 7 Currently, several types of SCMs are used in the field of EMs, which can be divided into two groups. One group is nano-powdered carbon, such as carbon black (CB) and nanodiamond, where the latter can be used as a reducing agent in energetic compositions.…”

Preparation and characterization of insensitive HMX/rGO/G composites via in situ reduction of graphene oxide

“…18 These excellent properties indicate that rGO is a potential desensitizing component for high-energy explosives. 19 In recent years, extensive research has been carried out on the preparation and application of graphene nanomaterials in energetic materials.…”

Modification of Salt‐Templated Carbon Surface Chemistry for Efficient Oxidation of Glucose with Supported Gold Catalysts

“…Nanostructured carbon or carbonaceous materials play an increasing role in heterogeneous catalysis . On the one hand, such materials can provide intrinsic catalytic activity and thus enable metal‐free catalysis, that is, substrates that were usually believed to be activated only by “classical” metallic surfaces can also react on carbon surfaces—especially if these surfaces are doped with heteroatoms such as nitrogen, oxygen, boron, phosphorus, sulphur or combinations of them .…”