Carbon and Nitrogen Stock Under Different Types of Land Use in a Seasonally Dry Tropical Forest

Valbrun, Wilner; Andrade, Eunice Maia de; Almeida, Aldênia Mendes Mascena de; Almeida, Edvaldo Lopes de

doi:10.5539/jas.v10n12p479

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The results also show that the quantity and quality of the residues were less significant for the increase SOC stocks than the tillage regime. Our results are supported by several studies for the semi-arid regions (García-González et al, 2018;Pereira Filho et al, 2019;Zhang et al, 2013) that demonstrated an increase in total SOC stocks promoted by changes in land management (Aquino et al, 2017;Valbrun et al, 2018).…”

Section: Future Soc Under Intensified Multifunctional Agroecosystemssupporting

confidence: 89%

“…We used experimental evidence for different cover crop mixtures and soil tillage for perennial (Mango) and annual crops (Melon) in irrigated dryland ecosystems. This partially reversed the impact of deforestation and conventional agricultural systems that had reduced the SOC stocks in the semi-arid region (Sacramento et al, 2013;Santana et al, 2019;Valbrun et al, 2018). The conversion of Caatinga forest into mixed arable and perennial (date palms) agriculture had caused an exponential carbon loss during a period of years.…”

Section: Land Use and Agroecosystems Design To Increase Soil Carbon Stocksmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimizing multifunctional agroecosystems in irrigated dryland agriculture to restore soil carbon – Experiments and modelling

Giongo

Coleman

Santana

et al. 2020

Science of The Total Environment

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Irrigated dryland agroecosystems could become more sustainable if crop and soil management enhanced soil organic carbon (SOC). We hypothesized that combining high inputs from cover crops with no-tillage will increase their long-term SOC stocks.Caatinga shrublands had been cleared in 1972 for arable crops and palm plantations before implementing field experiments on Mango and Melon systems (established in 2009 and 2012, respectively). Each of the two experiments were managed with no-till (NT) or conventional till (CT), and three types of cover cropping, either a plant mixture of 75% (PM1) or 25% (PM2) legumes, or spontaneous vegetation (SV). The RothC model was used with a daily timestep to simulate the soil moisture dynamics and C turnover for this dry climate. Carbon inputs added between 2.62 and 5.82 Mg C ha -1 yr -1 , increased the depleted SOC stocks by 0.08 to 0.56 Mg C ha -1 yr -1 . Scenarios of continuous biomass inputs of ca. 5 Mg C ha -1 yr -1 for 60 years are likely to increase SOC stocks in the mango NT beyond the original Caatinga SOC by between 19.2 to 20.5 Mg C ha -1 . Under CT similar inputs would increase SOC stocks only marginally above depletion (2.75 to 2.47 Mg C ha -1 ). Under melon, annual carbon inputs are slightly higher (up to 5.5 Mg C ha -1 yr -1 ) and SOC stocks would increase on average by another 8% to 22.3 to 20.6 Mg C ha -1 under NT and by 8 Mg C ha -1 under CT. These long-term simulations show that combining NT with high quality cover crops (PM1, PM2) would exceed SOC stocks of the initial Caatinga within 20 and 25 years under irrigated melon and mango cultivation, respectively. These results present a solution to reverse the loss of SOC by replacing CT dryland agriculture with irrigated NT plus high input cover crops agroecosystems.

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Section: Future Soc Under Intensified Multifunctional Agroecosystemssupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Land Use and Agroecosystems Design To Increase Soil Carbon Stocksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing multifunctional agroecosystems in irrigated dryland agriculture to restore soil carbon – Experiments and modelling

Giongo

Coleman

Santana

et al. 2020

Science of The Total Environment

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“…The potential contribution of the biomasses to soil carbon stocks ( Figure 10) by the cycling of thin branches in the area (Figures 3 and 4A) was 8.06 Mg ha -1 , 3.4-fold higher that of the litterfall, which is a fraction that naturally cycle carbon and nutrients. This contribution represents approximately 71% of the carbon stocks (11.29 Mg ha -1 ) in the first 10 cm of Luvisols with preserved vegetation in this forest (VALBRUN et al, 2018). Guedes et al (2018) found that the great litterfall production resulted in higher amount of carbon added to the soil in a planted forest of 34 years with eucalyptus and pines when compared to neighboring native forest areas that were more susceptible to fire and illegal cuts.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Cut Cycles and Soil Carbon Potential Stocks in a Managed Forest in the Caatinga Domain in Brazil

Lopes¹,

Andrade

Pereira

et al. 2020

Rev. Caatinga

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Management of tropical dry forests in Brazil expanded 450% in the two latest decades; but little is known about the dynamics of these areas. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate if the recovery of mean original biomass stocks (MOBS) is a consistent criterion to define cut cycles in a managed forest for charcoal production, and determine the remaining biomass and its contribution to soil carbon stocks. The study was conducted at the Ramalhete Settlement, in General Sampaio, CE, Brazil, in 2018. The explorable shrubby-arboreous biomass (ESAB) and the ESAB mean annual increases (ESAB -MAI) were determined in five areas subjected to clearcutting after 3, 5, 8, 11, and 15 years, and in a preservation area with 40 years of regeneration. Each area was divided into seven plots (20 × 20 m), totaling 42 plots. The ESAB of the plots were compared and the remaining biomass (branches, stumps, and litterfall) in a recently explored area was calculated and converted into organic carbon. The remaining biomass of branches had higher contribution to soil carbon stocks, followed by the litterfall, and stumps. The carbon stocks of the branch component were 3.4-fold higher than those of the litterfall. The recovery of the MOBS of an area after clearcutting should not be used as a criterion to define the cut cycle, since these original carbon stocks do not represent the maximum ESAB production possible in the area; the biodiversity and amount of ESAB in the classes of larger diameter are more adequate criteria.

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“…The highest TOC stock in surface and sub-surface soil depth was recorded in natural forests, followed by natural grassland, and the lowest in paddy fields. Higher TOC stock in natural forests due to high concentrations of OC, as recorded by (Valbrun et al, 2018) and (Singh R. et al, 2021), due to high leaf litter, less soil disturbance, the presence of a high number of heterogeneous plants with different root structures and less organic matter decomposition as compared to other cultivated lands (Nicodemo et al, 2018). Horticultural land use (plantations) recorded higher TOC stocks as compared to agricultural (paddy) soils since plantations add more litter and input of animal manures, whereas, in agricultural lands, removal of biomass and intensive tillage practices reduce the OC (Hu et al, 2020).…”

Section: Effect Of Land Use Systems On Carbon Stocksmentioning

confidence: 95%

Soil carbon dynamics in the temperate Himalayas: Impact of land use management

Kumar

Wani

Mir

et al. 2022

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Food security and environmental health are directly linked with soil carbon (C). Soil C plays a crucial role in securing food and livelihood security for the Himalayan population besides maintaining the ecological balance in the Indian Himalayas. However, soil C is being severely depleted due to anthropogenic activities. It is well known that land use management strongly impacted the soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics and also regulates the atmospheric C chemistry. Different types of cultivation practices, i.e., forest, plantations, and crops in the Kashmir Himalayas, India, has different abilities to conserve SOC and emit C in the form of carbon dioxide (CO2). Hence, five prominent land use systems (LUC) (e.g., natural forest, natural grassland, maize-field-converted from the forest, plantation, and paddy crop) of Kashmir Himalaya were evaluated to conserve SOC, reduce C emissions, improve soil properties and develop understanding SOC pools and its fractions variations under different land use management practices. The results revealed that at 0–20 cm and 20–40 cm profile, the soil under natural forest conserved the highest total organic carbon (TOC, 24.24 g kg−1 and 18.76 g kg−1), Walkley-black carbon (WBC, 18.23 g kg−1 and 14.10 g kg−1), very-labile-carbon (VLC, 8.65 g kg−1, and 6.30 g kg−1), labile-carbon (LC, 3.58 g kg−1 and 3.14 g kg−1), less-labile-carbon (VLC, 2.59 g kg−1, and 2.00 g kg−1), non-labile-carbon (NLC, 3.41 g kg−1 and 2.66 g kg-1), TOC stock (45.88 Mg ha−1 and 41.16 Mg ha−1), WBC stock (34.50 Mg ha−1 and 30.94 Mg ha−1), active carbon pools (AC, 23.14 Mg ha−1 and 20.66 Mg ha−1), passive carbon pools (PC, 11.40 Mg ha−1 and 10.26 Mg ha−1) and carbon management index (CMI, 100), followed by the natural grassland. However, the lowest C storage was reported in paddy cropland. The soils under natural forest and natural grassland systems had a greater amount of VLC, LC, LLC, and NLC fraction than other land uses at both depths. On the other hand, maize-field-converted-from-forest-land-use soils had a higher proportion of NLC fraction than paddy soils; nonetheless, the NLC pool was maximum in natural forest soil. LUS based on forest crops maintains more SOC, while agricultural crops, such as paddy and maize, tend to emit more C in the Himalayan region. Therefore, research findings suggest that SOC under the Kashmir Himalayas can be protected by adopting suitable LUS, namely forest soil protection, and by placing some areas under plantations. The areas under the rice and maize fields emit more CO2, hence, there is a need to adopt the conservation effective measure to conserve the SOC without compromising farm productivity.

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Carbon and Nitrogen Stock Under Different Types of Land Use in a Seasonally Dry Tropical Forest

Cited by 3 publications

References 17 publications

Optimizing multifunctional agroecosystems in irrigated dryland agriculture to restore soil carbon – Experiments and modelling

Optimizing multifunctional agroecosystems in irrigated dryland agriculture to restore soil carbon – Experiments and modelling

Cut Cycles and Soil Carbon Potential Stocks in a Managed Forest in the Caatinga Domain in Brazil

Soil carbon dynamics in the temperate Himalayas: Impact of land use management

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