Carbohydrase enzymes improve performance of broilers fed both nutritionally adequate and marginal wheat-based diets

Abstract

SummaryA study was conducted to examine the effects of a multi-carbohydrase enzyme complex on the nutritive value of wheat in diets differing in nutrient density. It was hypothesised that response to enzyme inclusion would be greater in diets with lower nutrient density. The study was conducted using 1008 Ross 308 male broiler chicks (four treatments with seven replicate pens of 36 chicks). A 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments was employed. Factors were adequate or low nutrient density with or without enzyme supplementation. The wheat-soybean meal based positive control (PC) diet was formulated to be nutritionally adequate in energy and digestible amino acids according to local industry recommendations. A negative control (NC) was formulated to have 80 kcal/kg less ME and 1.5% less digestible amino acids as compared to the PC. A multi-carbohydrase complex containing 19 carbohydrase activities derived from Penicillium funiculosum was added in both the PC and NC diets (Rovabio® Excel LC, Adisseo Asia Pacific Pte Ltd., Singapore). Birds fed the NC had 3.7 points (P < 0.05) poorer FCR than the PC. Across the diet type, enzyme supplementation increased body weight by 3.2% (P < 0.05) and improved FCR by 5.2 points (P < 0.01). There was no nutrient density x enzyme interaction (P > 0.05), indicating that performance improvement was independent of nutrient density. Apparent ileal digestibility of crude protein followed a similar trend, showing a 4.9% enhancement (P < 0.01) with the inclusion of the enzyme product in either diet. Enzyme supplementation reduced ileal viscosity by 39.0% (P < 0.05). It was concluded that multi-carbohydrase could overcome the negative effect in broiler performance brought by nutrient reduction, however, there was no indication that nutrient density affected bird response to supplementation of multi-carbohydrase.

Effect of enzyme addition on energy utilization and performance of broiler chickens fed wheat-based diet with different metabolizable energy levels

“…Digestibility of DM and OM of diet significantly improved with enzyme supplementation in 0-10 d and 0-21d of age. This is in agreement with the observation of Wu et al (2017), where they investigate carbohydrase effect on broilers fed nutritionally adequate and marginal wheat-based diet. Moreover, Almirall et al (1995) stated that NSP-degrading enzyme supplementation increased amylase and lipase activities in small intestine contents, alongside with decreasing of intestinal viscosity in early-age broiler chicks.…”

“…This condition would alter the transport of the nutrients at the mucosal surface and limit the capacity to produce the digestive enzymes, especially at early ages (Ribeiro et al, 2011). Application of NSP-degrading enzymes to feeds may unlock the encapsulated nutrients from the cell wall structure and increasing accessibility to digestive enzymes, thus reducing the energy needs for producing some of the digestive enzyme and enhance the performance of broilers (Ravn, Martens, Pettersson, & Pedersen, 2016;Wu et al, 2017).…”

“…The presence of soluble NSP can cause highly viscous conditions in the gastrointestinal tract and decrease contact between digestive enzymes and substrates, resulting in poor nutrient digestion and performance broiler chickens (Choct, Sinlae, Al-Jassim, & Pettersson, 2006;Moftakharzadeh, Moravej, & Shivazad, 2017;Nian, Guo, Ru, Li, & Peron, 2011). Supplementation of wheat-based diet with exogenous glycanase appear to enhance growth performance and energy utilization alongside with (Hashemipour, Khaksar, Rubio, Veldkamp, & Van Krimpen, 2016;Kiarie, Romero, & Ravindran, 2014;Pirgozliev et al, 2015;Wu, Choct, Wu, Liu, & Swick, 2017) or without reduction of intestinal viscosity of broilers (Amerah, Ravindran, Lentle, & Thomas, 2008). Some reports indicate that enzyme supplementation is more effective in younger broiler chickens, which is may related to inefficient production of endogenous digestive enzymes at this period (Almirall, Francesch, Perez-Vendrell, Brufau, & Esteve-Garcia, 1995).…”

Multi-carbohydrase application into energy and amino acid deficient broiler diets: A strategy to enhance performance of broiler chickens

“…technology has routinely yielded improvements in growth and feed efficiency about 3-5% on average [4,5]. The running mode of action behind such improvements is the efficient hydrolysis of indigestible components present in feedstuffs such as NSP, phytate, and oligosaccharides which leads to enhanced nutrient digestibility, and subsequently influenced to improve growth performance of host animals [6].…”

“…However, anti-nutritional factors that limit its inclusion in broiler diet formulations are the lower metabolizable energy and higher NSP (i.e., arabinoxylans) contents compared to corn [7]. The use of wheat and wheat by-products in broiler diets has previously been tested together with various exogenous carbohydrase enzymes [5,8].…”