Caracterización de suelos bajo bosques de Nothofagus betuloides (Mirb) Blume, en Tierra del Fuego, Chile

Abstract

60 %). El mantillo (Oe/Oa) presentó condiciones adecuadas para el desarrollo radicular. Existe comúnmente un horizonte blanco (frecuentemente 10 YR 5/1-2) inmediatamente debajo del mantillo, con textura franco limosa y estructura masiva, con arraigamiento muy bajo. Se plantea como hipótesis que este horizonte se originó por depósitos de cenizas volcánicas y procesos de podzolización. Se concluye que la fertilidad de estos suelos es baja debido a limitantes físicas (dificultades de arraigamiento) y químicas (acidez, toxicidad de aluminio, baja oferta de bases)]]>

Characterization of soil properties of Nothofagus spp. forest with and without scarification in the Andean region of Southern Chile

“…Scarification decreases the nutrient supply of topsoil, as reported by other authors (Gastadello et al, 2007;Jiménez et al, 2008), and furthermore, the high aluminum saturation can be toxic to the roots (Valle et al 2011), creating limiting conditions in terms of fertility, so that only the species adapted to these conditions are likely to succed in their establishment (Gerding and Thiers, 2002). For this reason, both N. nervosa and N. dombeyi can adapt to post-scarifying conditions.…”

“…Silvicultural management in native forests of Chile does not consider the effect on the soil, although there are studies linking the effect of soil fertility to forest productivity. Gerding and Thiers (2002) evaluated soil fertility in native forests of Nothofagus betuloides (Mirb) Blume in Tierra del Fuego, founding poor soils (shallow, high stoniness, poor drainage, high acidity and low available water capacity among others), and on them, low-productivity forests; while Thiers (2004) observed forests of Nothofagus obliqua (Mirb) Oerst with good productivity between Maule and Los Lagos Regions, associated to good fertility soils (high depth, low bulk density, high organic matter and high available water capacity).…”

Nothofagus Betuloides (Mirb.) Oerst 1871 (Fagales: Nothofagaceae) Forests in Southern Patagonia and Tierra Del Fuego

“…These soils are normally shallow (<50 cm), loamy in texture, acidic (pH 3.4-5.5) and not very fertile (Gerding & Thiers 2002;Romanyà et al 2005;Thiers & Gerding 2007). Accumulation of huge layers of organic matter on the forest floor and large amounts of decaying wood have been described for this forest type in Tierra del Fuego (Gutiérrez et al 1991).…”

“…Two soil formation processes have been described for pure N. betuloides forests, podsolisation on well-drained sites and hydromorphism in areas with moderate to high waterlogging (Pisano 1977;Puigdefábregas et al 1999;Gerding & Thiers 2002;Romanyà et al 2005). These soils are normally shallow (<50 cm), loamy in texture, acidic (pH 3.4-5.5) and not very fertile (Gerding & Thiers 2002;Romanyà et al 2005;Thiers & Gerding 2007).…”

“…Accumulation of huge layers of organic matter on the forest floor and large amounts of decaying wood have been described for this forest type in Tierra del Fuego (Gutiérrez et al 1991). Most of the plant roots and nutrients are located in the bottom part of a thick raw humus layer, i.e., in a soil depth of only 4 to10 cm (Pisano 1977;Gutiérrez et al 1991;Gerding & Thiers 2002;Romanyà et al 2005).…”