Caracterização da interação comunicativa entre pais de crianças e adolescentes deficientes auditivos que utilizam comunicação oral

Abstract

Conflict of interest: non-existentCharacterization of communicative interaction between parent of hearing impaired children and adolescents that use oral communication ABSTRACTPurpose: to characterize the communicative interaction among hearing parents and children or adolescents with hearing loss who use oral communication through the video analysis. Methods: this study included parents of nine children and nine adolescents with bilateral sensorineural pre-lingual hearing impairment, from moderate to profound degree, who attend or attended an aural rehabilitation program with emphasis on the development of hearing and oral communication. Among the nine children, four are aided by cochlear implant and five are aided by hearing aid. Regarding the adolescents, six are aided by cochlear implant and three are aided by hearing aids. The procedure used was a checklist composed by 22 behaviors that analyze the interaction on the stimulation of hearing and language. These behaviors were scored from a Likert scale and classified as "rarely", "occasionally" and "frequently". The interaction among the hearing impaired children or adolescents and their parents was recorded for later analysis by three judges with experience in aural rehabilitation. Results: there were 18 interactions recorded, in which it was possible to establish a relation of 97.8% among the judges. The occurrence of behavior "frequently" was statistically significant. Conclusion: the results showed that parents involved into an aural rehabilitation program that emphasizes the use of communication strategies to improve the development of linguistic and auditory skills, suitably use communicative behaviors during interaction with their children or adolescents in a controlled situation. Keywords: Hearing Loss; Parent-Child Relations; Family RESUMO Objetivo: caracterizar a interação comunicativa entre pais ouvintes e crianças ou adolescentes com deficiência auditiva que utilizam comunicação oral, por meio da análise de filmagens. Métodos: participaram deste estudo os pais de nove crianças e nove adolescentes com deficiência auditiva sensorioneural bilateral, pré-lingual de grau moderado a profundo, que frequentam ou frequentaram um programa de intervenção fonoaudiológica, com ênfase no desenvolvimento da função auditiva e comunicação oral. Entre as nove crianças, quatro fazem uso de implante coclear e cinco de Aparelho de Amplificação Sonora Individual. Em relação aos adolescentes, seis fazem uso de implante coclear e três de Aparelho de Amplificação Sonora Individual. O procedimento adotado foi a Escala de Índice de Comportamentos que promovem a Comunicação, a qual apresenta 22 comportamentos que analisam a interação quanto à estimulação da audição e linguagem. Os referidos comportamentos foram pontuados a partir de uma escala Likert e classificados como "raramente", "ocorre" e "frequentemente". A interação entre os deficientes auditivos e seus pais foi filmada para posterior análise de três juízes com experiência na área de audiologia educacional. Resultad...

Análise da efetividade de um programa de intervenção para famílias de crianças com deficiência auditiva

“…It is worth noting that strengthening family-centered intervention and improving the preparation of family members for situations related to hearing impairment of their child (19)(20)(21)(22) , through their reception and listening with the support of the other members of the group, were aspects reached in the proposed intervention, in agreement with the recommendations of the literature (1,9,14) .…”

“…The provision of information based on family needs (23) through the exchange of experiences and materials on children's development, neuroplasticity, hearing and hearing impairment, electronic hearing aids, communication strategies, how to enrich daily events, and family involvement in rehabilitation were important points in information counseling (14)(15)(16) and should also be part of routine guidance in individual auditory (re) habilitation therapy (2,19) , in addition to group visits (16) .…”

“…Through the analysis of pre-intervention and post-intervention interaction videos, a significant improvement in the quality of communication between mothers and their children was noticed, a fact that was highlighted in studies as a predictive factor of language development in children with hearing impairment, pointing out the importance of working with families to improve the prognosis and the abbreviation of auditory therapy (6,8,9,16,19) .…”

“…The criterion of reliability was established among the evaluators who, for all the sessions, judged the interaction with variation of a point or equally. This instrument was also used in recent research, proving to be useful for therapeutic planning and guidance offered to the families of children with hearing impairment (19) .…”

“…The present study sought to guide the recommendations for best practices in programs for the population of hearing-impaired children that include: a) Access to the coordinated entrance in programs that follow the best practices of accompanying the families from the confirmation of the hearing impairment in a timely manner (6,10,17,18) . b) Strengthening of families as an integral and active part of the intervention programs (19,20) . c) Emotional support that includes the meeting with other relatives of the children with hearing impairment and adults with hearing impairment (5-7-12,17) .…”