Candidate Genes of Cerebrovascular Disease and Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss

Abstract

Auditory dysfunction is related to large/small vessel occlusions and hemorrhage. Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) frequently occurs with anterior inferior cerebellar artery occlusion proximal to the internal auditory artery. Moreover, SSNHL has various pathogenetic mechanisms, the main proposed mechanisms being vascular disease, membrane ruptures, infection, and autoimmunity. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is an important cytokine in the inflammation process of cerebrovascular diseases. In the current study, the possible effects of polymorphisms in TNF-alpha and TNF-beta genes on SSNHL are evaluated. Two genetic polymorphisms in the TNF locus (TNF-alpha -308 G - ->A and TNF-beta +252 A - ->G) were investigated as risk factors for SSNHL by determining their prevalence in 97 SSNHL patients and in 587 controls. A significant increase was found for the TNF-beta allele 1 in SSNHL patients compared with the controls (chi( 2) = 7.251, P = .007, odds ratio [OR] = 1.534, confidence interval [CI] = 1.12-2.10). These findings suggest that the TNF-beta +252 locus plays an important role in the etiopathogenesis of SSNHL.

Systematic review and meta‐analysis of the risk factors for sudden sensorineural hearing loss in adults

“…Forty‐nine articles were retrieved for full‐text review, 10 of which were written in a foreign language. Twenty‐two articles were included in the final review 10–31. None of the foreign language articles were included as they failed to meet the inclusion criteria.…”

Correlations of Inflammatory Biomarkers With the Onset and Prognosis of Idiopathic Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss

“…Um et al (65) reported the association of TNF polymorphisms with the ISHL pathogenesis. Van Wijk et al (66) showed that intratympanic TNF inhibitor administration could improve autoimmune inner ear disease.…”

Impact of mean platelet volume on the occurrence and severity of sudden sensorineural hearing loss

“…Of particular note, a number of studies have reported an association between sudden SNHL and thrombosis. [3][4][5][6] Following the theory of thromboembolic aetiology, various studies have investigated rheological factors in the blood of patients with idiopathic sudden SNHL, and have reported that high plasma viscosity, elevated fibrinogen levels and reduced erythrocyte filterability are associated with sudden SNHL. 7,8 Mean platelet volume is the most commonly used measure of platelet size, and is a potential marker of platelet reactivity.…”