Candelilla Wax as Natural Slow-Release Matrix for Fertilizers Encapsulated by Spray Chilling

Navarro-Guajardo, Noé; García-Carrillo, Edgar M.; Espinoza-González, Carlos; Téllez-Zablah, Rubén; Davila-Hernandez, Fatima A.; Romero‐García, Jorge; Ledezma‐Pérez, Antonio; Mercado-Silva, Jesús Alfonso; Torres, Claudia Anahí Pérez; Pariona, Nicolaza

doi:10.7569/jrm.2017.634164

Cited by 11 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…These peaks were characteristic of long-chain odd n -alkane crystals. In the case of candelilla wax, this crystalline structure was defined by its characteristic component, n -hentriacontane (C 31 ) [4]. For all wax compounds, the X-ray peak at 26.5° (2θ) confirmed the presence of the graphite structure, corresponding to the (002) diffraction plane.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Natural waxes are present on the outermost layer of plant surfaces, and they have the function to protect the plant from the loss of water and attack from insects [3]. Candelilla wax (CW) is a wax derived from the leaves of the candelilla plant ( Euphorbia antisyphilitica ), a shrub native to the Chihuahuan Desert region, an area encompassing northeastern Mexico and southeastern United States [2,3,4] (Figure 1). To survive the harsh environmental conditions, this plant secretes a thick wax layer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To survive the harsh environmental conditions, this plant secretes a thick wax layer. Candelilla wax has a melting point in the range of 69–73 °C, with chemical compositions mainly formed by odd-numbered n -alkanes (C 29 to C 33 ) that include wax esters, acid esters, and secondary alcohols, and chemical compositions in even-numbered carbon chains (C 28 to C 34 ) include free acids, free alcohols, sterols, resins, and minerals, which provide an outstanding balance between hydrophobic and hydrophilic properties [4,5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The availability and low cost of CW and its biodegradable nature has attracted growing interest from researchers towards the development of biocomposites that, thanks to their sustainability, energy efficiency, reduced waste generation, and low greenhouse gas emissions, are emerging powerfully in the current industrial economy [8,9,10,11]. Kowalczyk et al [12] used CW to produce edible films and coatings, while Navarro-Guajardo et al [4] proposed CW as a slow-release matrix for fertilizers encapsulated by a modified spray chilling process. Natural extracts, which are very commonly used in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries, can be used for improving the properties of candelilla, as already reported in the literature for many other biopolymers [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Study on Exfoliation of Expanded Graphite Stacks in Candelilla Wax

Lionetto

López-Muñoz²,

Espinoza-González³

et al. 2019

Materials

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A novel, green route for pre-exfoliation of graphite based on a biodegradable polymer and high-power ultrasound is presented. Candelilla wax (CW), derived from the leaves of the candelilla plant, has been used for the first time as a natural non aqueous medium to induce the pre-exfoliation of expanded graphite (EG) under ultrasonic irradiation in an economical way. The proposed method uses also D-limonene as a natural organic solvent for reducing viscosity and increasing the affinity between the polar groups of EG and candelilla wax, thus improving the intercalation/exfoliation of EG. The quality of dispersion of the nanofiller in the natural wax matrix has been evaluated using multiple techniques. The addition of EG to wax and use of ultrasonic treatment leads to a reduced crystallinity, probably due to restrictions of the molecular movements, improved thermal stability of wax, and to an increased shear thinning exponent, which are all indicative of a high degree of EG dispersion. The ultrasonic dynamic mechanical results suggest a reduction in the cluster size and a better filler dispersion in the wax matrix promoted by polar or chemical reactions between the CW fractions and the graphite stacks, which was observed by XPS analysis. The results were compared to those obtained with paraffin, a synthetic wax, and confirmed the dispersion improvement obtained by using natural wax as a pre-exfoliating medium.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A Study on Exfoliation of Expanded Graphite Stacks in Candelilla Wax

Lionetto

López-Muñoz²,

Espinoza-González³

et al. 2019

Materials

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“…Although the chemical composition of plants is strongly influenced by factors such as weather conditions, and season and genetic variability, it can be seen from the reported proximal analysis that lipids and ashes are the major constituents of candelilla plants, which are related to the presence of candelilla wax as mentioned above. Moreover, it has been reported that the candelilla plant possesses a large number of high-quality bioactive phytomolecules with potential applications in different industries acting as antimicrobial and antioxidant agents, and providing other technological advantages [8][9][10][11][12][13]. Figure 2 shows the structure of the main phytochemicals identified in the candelilla plant and its byproducts.…”

Section: Phytochemicals Present In Candelilla Plant and Byproductsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Euphorbia antisyphilitica Zucc: A Source of Phytochemicals with Potential Applications in Industry

Rojas

Tafolla-Arellano

Martínez-Ávila

2020

Plants

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Euphorbia antisyphilitica Zucc, better known as the candelilla plant, is one of the 10 non-timber forest products of greatest economic importance in the desert and semi-desert regions of Mexico. Moreover, it is a potential source of some functional phytochemicals such as polyphenolic compounds, wax and fiber, with potential applications in food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. Thus, this review aims to describe these phytochemicals and their functional properties as antimicrobial, antioxidant, reinforcing and barrier agents. In addition, a suitable valorization of the candelilla plant and its byproducts is mandatory in order to avoid negative effects on the environment. This review provides, for the first time, an overview of the alternative methodologies for improving candelilla plant production, pointing out some of the agricultural aspects of the cultivation of this plant.

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Composition and physicochemical properties of corn wax

Kang

Liu

Yang

et al. 2023

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

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Corn wax, as a kind of vegetable wax, is a by‐product of the corn oil industry. In this study, the corn wax was obtained from the corn oil refineries and purified by solvent defatting and bleaching. The composition and physicochemical properties of corn wax were studied to provide theoretical guidance for the production and application of corn wax. The results showed that the purity of corn wax was higher than 95%, and the corn wax ester ranged from C42 to C58, with C46, C44, and C48 being predominant. The carbon number of fatty acids was in the range of 16–30, with a higher proportion of C20, C22, and C24. The fatty alcohols varied from C20 to C32 and were dominated by C22, C24, C30, and C23. The physicochemical properties of corn wax were also determined and compared with other vegetable and animal waxes to get a more comprehensive understanding of corn wax. The results showed that the water content, iodine number, saponification number, and melting point of corn wax were 0.03 ± 0.01%, 6.77 ± 0.85 g/100 g, 74.31 ± 3.49 mg/g and 77.28 ± 7.89°C respectively. Corn wax was a green and healthy natural resource, which has great application potential in food, health care, and medicine.

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Candelilla Wax as Natural Slow-Release Matrix for Fertilizers Encapsulated by Spray Chilling

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

A Study on Exfoliation of Expanded Graphite Stacks in Candelilla Wax

A Study on Exfoliation of Expanded Graphite Stacks in Candelilla Wax

Euphorbia antisyphilitica Zucc: A Source of Phytochemicals with Potential Applications in Industry

Composition and physicochemical properties of corn wax

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