Can intensity in strength training change caloric expenditure? Systematic review and meta‐analysis

Abstract

Introduction Strength training (ST) is considered an important strategy for maintaining body weight, as it promotes an increase in total energy expenditure (EE). However, the combination and manipulation of variables (intensity and volume) allow for different training adaptations. However, it remains unclear as to what is the most important variable between volume or intensity for example number of sets, repetitions, or total load for maximizing EE during ST. Several studies have analyzed the EE response in ST, but still unclear the variable is able to increase EE in the ST. Objective This review aimed to investigate the effect of ST on EE in adults using a systematic literature review and subsequent meta-analysis. Methods The search was performed on the electronic databases using the following keywords: strength training (resistance training; strength training; strength training method) and energy expenditure (energy metabolism; energy expenditure; caloric expenditure, caloric cost) with 'AND' and 'OR' combination. Manual searches of references were also conducted for additional relevant studies. After evaluating the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the selected studies were analysed according to strength training methods and the training variables used to measure EE. Results We identified two ST methods from the literature review: circuit training (CT) and traditional training (TT). Meta-analysis showed a significant effect on EE increase, which favour TT when compared with CT [À0Á99 (95%CI: À1Á96, À0Á02), P<0Á01] with I 2 of 89% (P<0Á01). After adjusting for bias risk, no significant differences were found in EE associated with intensity [À0Á40, 95% CI (0Á98, 0Á18), P = 0Á18). Conclusion The present review and meta-analysis indicated that the intensity of exercise does not seem to be associated with an increase of EE in ST.

Post-exercise energy expenditure of half squat and bench press at different load percentages and controlled cadence

“…It is worth mentioning that probably the similar results of the two speed sequences used in the training and the adopted training volume did not allow significantly different muscular responses. On the other hand, João et al, (2020) In a review and meta-analysis article, analyzed energy expenditure according to the intensity of work and repetitions used in resistance training, the selected studies pointed out that the intensity can be manipulated using high loads and low volume (1 series -3-6 repetitions at 85 -90% 1RM)…”

“…Performance of RT can significantly disrupt the body's homeostasis, with the EPOC being dependent on the specific combination of prescriptive variables. There are many possibilities in how these prescriptive variables might be combined to influence energy expenditure and oxygen consumption during and following a RT bout (João et al, 2020).…”

Males Have a Higher Energy Expenditure than Females during Squat Training

“…Furthermore, it is imperative to maintain a high level of physical activity since it plays an essential role in the prevention and management of chronic conditions such as diabetes, obesity, cancer, cardiovascular, or cardiorespiratory diseases [2]. In addition, EE during physical activity is an important consideration in exercise prescription [3]. Literature has shown that physical activity is effective in increasing EE [4].…”