Can emerging membrane-based desalination technologies replace reverse osmosis?

Skuse, Clara; Gallego‐Schmid, Alejandro; Azapagic, Adisa; Gorgojo, Patricia

doi:10.1016/j.desal.2020.114844

Cited by 130 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 184 publications

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“…In the integrated set up, called multi-effect membrane distillation (MEMD), the heat associated with the vapor condensation in each effect is used to heat the feed water and passed through the MD process where lower temperature and pressure conditions exist, and thermal energy is effectively used for distillation. This is characterized by the term gained output ratio (GOR) [111] which refers to the ratio of recoverable heat (latent heat of evaporation) over the total heat supplied to the system. Increases in the number of effects usually increases GOR, however there will be a reduction in the permeate flux when a large number of effects are used.…”

Section: Using Hybrid Membrane Distillationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Membrane Distillation: Recent Configurations, Membrane Surface Engineering, and Applications

Parani

Oluwafemi

2021

Membranes

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Membrane distillation (MD) is a developing membrane separation technology for water treatment that involves a vapor transport driven by the vapor pressure gradient across the hydrophobic membrane. MD has gained wide attention in the last decade for various separation applications, including the separation of salts, toxic heavy metals, oil, and organic compounds from aqueous solutions. Compared with other conventional separation technologies such as reverse osmosis, nanofiltration, or thermal distillation, MD is very attractive due to mild operating conditions such as low temperature and atmospheric pressure, and 100% theoretical salt rejection. In this review, membrane distillation’s principles, recent MD configurations with their advantages and limitations, membrane materials, fabrication of membranes, and their surface engineering for enhanced hydrophobicity are reviewed. Moreover, different types of membrane fouling and their control methods are discussed. The various applications of standalone MD and hybrid MD configurations reported in the literature are detailed. Furthermore, studies on the MD-based pilot plants installed around the world are covered. The review also highlights challenges in MD performance and future directions.

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Section: Using Hybrid Membrane Distillationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Membrane Distillation: Recent Configurations, Membrane Surface Engineering, and Applications

Parani

Oluwafemi

2021

Membranes

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“…Other water recovery processes are known, such as reverse osmosis [58][59][60], microfiltration [61][62][63], ultrafiltration [64], and distillation in multiple-effect evaporators and electrochemical processes [65][66][67], which allow the economical and profitable recovery of various products. They can also be applied for recycling various process baths, but currently their cost is not economical enough for them to be fully used for waste effluents from the textile industry.…”

Section: General Textile Recoverymentioning

confidence: 99%

Uses of Nanoclays and Adsorbents for Dye Recovery: A Textile Industry Review

et al. 2021

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Wastewater recovery is one of the most pressing contaminant-related subjects in the textile industry. Many cleaning and recovery techniques have been applied in recent decades, from physical separation to chemical separation. This work reviews textile wastewater recovery by focusing on natural or synthetic nanoclays in order to compare their capabilities. Presently, a wide variety of nanoclays are available that can adsorb substances dissolved in water. This review summarizes and describes nanoclay modifications for different structures (laminar, tubular, etc.) to compare adsorption performance under the best conditions. This adsorbent capacity can be used in contaminant industries to recover water that can be used and be recontaminated during a second use to close the production circle. It explores and proposes future perspectives for the nanoclay hybrid compounds generated after certain cleaning steps. This is a critical review of works that have studied adsorption or desorption procedures for different nanoclay structures. Finally, it makes a future application proposal by taking into account the summarized pros and cons of each nanoclay. This work addresses contaminant reuse, where part of the employed dyes can be reused in printing or even dyeing processes, depending on the fixing capacity of the dye in the nanoclay, which is herein discussed.

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“…The balance equation for sensible heat related to the air stream in the primary channels (primary air) in the 2nd stage is given with Equation (10). The governing equation describing sensible heat related to the primary air in the 2nd stage is described with Equation (11). The balance equation for mass transfer related to the primary air in the 2nd stage is given with Equation (12).…”

Section: Mathematical Model Of the Second Stage Of The Dpc-wr Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was found that the GH system showed a satisfactory desalination efficiency and could be used for water recovery from seawater. Skuse et al [11] discussed whether FO, MD, and CDI could potentially substitute the most popular RO methods for water recovery. It was stated that these technologies offered significant advantages over RO, such as higher salt rejection, higher water recovery, ability to use low-grade energy, and a less extensive pre-treatment process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical Investigation of a Novel System for Combined Dew Point Cooling and Water Recovery

Cichoń

Worek

2021

Applied Sciences

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This paper presents the analytical investigation of a novel system for combined Dew Point Cooling and Water Recovery (DPC-WR system). The operating principle of the presented system is to utilize the dew point cooling phenomenon implemented in two stages in order to obtain both air cooling and water recovery. The system performance is described by different indicators, including the coefficient of performance (COP), gained output ratio (GOR), energy utilization factor (EUF), specific energy consumption (SEC) and specific daily water production (SDWP). The performance indicators are calculated for various climatic zones using a validated analytical model based on the convective heat transfer coefficient. By utilizing the dew point cooling phenomenon, it is possible to minimize the heat and electric energy consumption from external sources, which results in the COP and GOR values being an order of magnitude higher than for other cooling and water recovery technologies. The EUF value of the DPC-WR system ranges from 0.76 to 0.96, with an average of 0.90. The SEC value ranges from 0.5 to 2.0 kWh/m3 and the SDWP value ranges from 100 to 600 L/day/(kg/s). In addition, the DPC-WR system is modular, i.e., it can be multiplied as needed to achieve the required cooling or water recovery capacity.

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Can emerging membrane-based desalination technologies replace reverse osmosis?

Cited by 130 publications

References 184 publications

Membrane Distillation: Recent Configurations, Membrane Surface Engineering, and Applications

Membrane Distillation: Recent Configurations, Membrane Surface Engineering, and Applications

Uses of Nanoclays and Adsorbents for Dye Recovery: A Textile Industry Review

Analytical Investigation of a Novel System for Combined Dew Point Cooling and Water Recovery

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