Can aquaporins be used as diagnostic and prognostic markers for uterine smooth muscle tumours?

Abstract

Generally, uterine leiomyosarcoma is easily diagnosed. However, uterine smooth muscle tumours which show atypical histological features and unusual growth patterns may mimic malignancy and may not be easily diagnosed. In this study, our aim is to show the expressions of Aquaporin3, Aquaporin7 and Aquaporin9 in uterine smooth muscle tumours, and to investigate if aquaglyceroporins can be used as diagnostic and prognostic markers to start rapidly an appropriate treatment for patients with these tumours in order to extend the survival time. We determined that there had been 74 patients diagnosed with uterine smooth muscle tumours. We divided patients into four groups based on the diagnosis: bizarre leiomyoma, smooth muscle tumour of uncertain malignant potential, leiomyosarcoma and leiomyoma. Aquaporin3, Aquaporin7 and Aquaporin9 were detected by using monoclonal anti-Aquaporin3, antiAquaporin7 and anti-Aquaporin9 antibodies, respectively. In leiomyosarcoma group, we observed a statistically significant relation of Aquaporin3 expression with survival time, grade, stage, mitotic index and Ki-67 score. A significant relation of both Aquaporin7 and Aquaporin9 expressions with survival time, grade, stage was not statistically detected in leiomyosarcoma group. The decrease of Aquaporin3 expression can be used as important diagnostic and prognostic marker. Aquaporin7 and Aquaporin9 expressions cannot be used as diagnostic and prognostic markers.

Investigation of ZIP4, ZO-1, and CLAUDIN-1 expression in thyroid tumours by immunohistochemistry and real-time polymerase chain reaction methods

“…Staining intensity of cells: if staining was not present, the score was 0; in the presence of weak staining, the score was 1; moderate staining was determined as 2; and strong staining was determined as 3. If there was no staining in the total score, it was considered negative, 1 and 2 weakly positive, 3 and 4 moderately positive, and 5-7 strong positive [12].…”