Calculation of the sun protection factor of sunscreens with different vehicles using measured film thickness distribution — Comparison with the SPF in vitro

Sohn, Myriam; Herzog, Bernd; Osterwalder, Uli; Imanidis, Georgios

doi:10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.02.038

Cited by 28 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 19 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The distribution of film thickness of equal amounts of applied sunscreen was found to vary widely depending on the structure with respect to the oil and water phase and the rheological properties of the sunscreen formulation. Model calculations using measured film thickness frequency distribution yielded SPF of different sunscreen formulations containing the same composition of UV filters that agreed well with experimental in vitro SPF [20]. That study also established that increased frequency of small film thickness and a very small surface area of uncovered skin seriously compromise sun protection efficacy.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 55%

“…Since sun exposure evidently affects skin roughness, the question arises as to whether sunscreen application to the affected body sites should be adjusted to the altered surface topography. Recent reports have demonstrated that film thickness frequency distribution of applied sunscreen critically influences sun protection efficacy [19,20]. In those reports, the thickness of sunscreen was measured on an 8 × 8 mm 2 surface area of a skin substrate with a discretization step of 10 µm in both directions of the surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Skin Surface Topography and Texture Analysis of Sun-Exposed Body Sites in View of Sunscreen Application

Korn

Surber²,

Imanidis

2016

Skin Pharmacol Physiol

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background/Aims: To determine the roughness of the surface of human skin at highly sun-exposed anatomical sites in a wide age range in order to derive consequences for sunscreen application. Methods: The forehead, cheek, nose, shoulder, and dorsal hand of 4 age groups (0-9, 20-39, 40-59, and >60 years) were investigated by replica formation, and areal topography was determined by confocal chromatic imaging. The arithmetic mean height as a roughness parameter and the void volume of the surface profile were calculated. Results: Age and site had a significant effect on roughness. Both the dorsal hand and nose exhibited the greatest roughness over the age of 40, and the forehead of the youngest age group exhibited the smallest roughness. Differentiation between sites progressed with age, whereas roughness increased significantly with age for the dorsal hand and nose but not for the other sites. The void volume was smaller than the volume corresponding to the typically recommended amount of sunscreen application except for the cases of largest roughness. Conclusions: Different site-age combinations show significant variation of skin surface roughness. The application of sunscreen may in some instances need to be adjusted to take into account the increased roughness of highly sun-exposed anatomical sites.

show abstract

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 55%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skin Surface Topography and Texture Analysis of Sun-Exposed Body Sites in View of Sunscreen Application

Korn

Surber²,

Imanidis

2016

Skin Pharmacol Physiol

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…While the UVA radiation penetrates deeper into the skin causing photoaging, irregular pigmentation, immune system depression and gene modifications due mainly to the generation of reactive oxygen species by photosensitized oxidation 6 . Therefore, the sunscreen use to minimize the human health risks induced by UVB and UVA radiation exposure is very relevant 7 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the colloidal stability and optical properties of sunscreen creams

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sunscreen formulations containing inorganic/organic filters or mixture of them were synthesized by oil/water dispersion. The viscosity measurements show that sunscreen formulations are time-dependent non-newtonian fluids. In the CIELab color diagram, the white and/or beige colors presented by formulations do not compromise the aesthetics of the cosmetic product. UV-VIS absorption spectra show that sunscreen creams have high UV shielding ability, mainly the formulations containing inorganic and organic filters mixtures, which provide in vitro SPF and critical wavelength values recommended for UV protection.

show abstract

“…A base Crodafos ® CES foi selecionada como o veículo alternativo, pois é uma base autoemulsificante fosfatada que apresenta alta estabilidade em sistemas óleo/água (O/A). Esta base possibilita melhor formação de filme que o gel, contribuindo para aumento do FPS da formulação fotoprotetora (CRODA EUROPE, 2016;PINTO, 2014;SOHN et al, 2016). Por fim, todas as formulações apresentaram-se homogêneas.…”

Section: Preparo Das Formulações Dermocosméticas Antissolaresunclassified

Aplicação do extrato da microalga <i>Botryococcus braunii</i> em formulações cosméticas fotoprotetoras

Ariede¹

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Diversos produtos tópicos são desenvolvidos a fim de se evitar os efeitos nocivos da radiação ultravioleta (UV), dentre eles, os protetores solares constituídos por filtros físicos e/ou químicos. No entanto, os filtros químicos podem promover eventos adversos, razão pela qual a busca de ativos em fontes naturais tem-se mostrado de grande importância. A microalga Botryococcus braunii pode ser de potencial interesse em aplicações cosméticas, pois foi descrito que seu extrato aquoso apresentou redução da desidratação cutânea, induziu a produção do colágeno, bem como promoveu atividade antioxidante. Assim, o estudo visou analisar o auxilio da B. braunii na fotoproteção cutânea e na proteção da pele por meio da ação antioxidante in vitro. As formulações, constituídas de biomassa da microalga ou de seus extratos, acrescidas ou não de filtros, foram avaliadas quanto à: ação antioxidante, atividade fotoprotetora in vitro e fotoestabilidade. A B. braunii apresentou bom desempenho de crescimento, contendo lipídeos (25,65%) e proteínas (49,17%) em proporção semelhante à descrita na literatura. A presença de fenóis totais e a ação antioxidante foram analisadas nos extratos obtidos com clorofórmio, metanol e etanol 70%. O extrato obtido com etanol 70% foi o que apresentou maior concentração de fenóis totais (68,9 µg/mL de ácido cafeico), porém inferior ao relatado na literatura; e a ação antioxidante não foi considerada significativa ao se comparar com o padrão Trolox ®. Nas formulações, os extratos foram considerados ineficientes para ação antioxidante. Quanto à atividade fotoprotetora in vitro e fotoestabilidade, a B. braunii não apresentou eficácia adequada, existindo, porém, a possibilidade de os extratos atuarem na região da luz visível e contribuírem contra os efeitos danosos provocados por esta radiação à pele.

show abstract

Calculation of the sun protection factor of sunscreens with different vehicles using measured film thickness distribution — Comparison with the SPF in vitro

Cited by 28 publications

References 19 publications

Skin Surface Topography and Texture Analysis of Sun-Exposed Body Sites in View of Sunscreen Application

Skin Surface Topography and Texture Analysis of Sun-Exposed Body Sites in View of Sunscreen Application

Study of the colloidal stability and optical properties of sunscreen creams

Aplicação do extrato da microalga <i>Botryococcus braunii</i> em formulações cosméticas fotoprotetoras

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About