Cadmium, lead and mercury levels in feeding yeast produced in Czechoslovakia

Cibulka, J.; Turecki, T.; Miholová, D.; Mäder, P.; Száková, Jiřina; Brabec, Marek

doi:10.1016/0048-9697(92)90415-o

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…The feeding yeast was produced in the Czech Republic under the commercial name VITEX (Biocel, Paskov, Czech Republic) by cultivation of Candida utilis in a modified sulphite leachate coming from a cellulose‐producing plant. The yeast thus produced has been known to accumulate cadmium (C ibulka et al 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of organic and inorganic forms of dietary cadmium on cadmium, zinc, copper, iron and manganese availability to rats

Turecki

Cibulka

Slámová

et al. 1997

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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Summary The availability of dietary cadmium in the form of CdCl2 was compared with the availability of cadmium naturally incorporated in the feeding yeast. The effect of feeding yeast on the availability of supplemented CdCl2 was also assessed. Seventy‐two weaned male Wistar rats were used in a randomized complete block design with six littermates per block. Animals within the block were randomly assigned to experimental groups and one animal was assigned to a group euthanized to establish the initial trace element status in the organs. The experimental groups included: 1. control, standard diet (Cd, 0 mg/kg); 2. diet with 10% yeast of low Cd concentration (Cd, 0.3 mg/kg); 3. diet with 10% yeast of high Cd concentration (Cd, 6 mg/kg); 4. diet with 10% yeast of low Cd concentration + CdCl2 (Cd, 6 mg/kg); 5. standard diet + CdCl2 (Cd, 6 mg/kg). Animals had ad libitum access to water and feed for the entire duration of the experiment (8 weeks). Body weight gain and feed consumption were recorded. At the end of the experiment, animals were euthanized and the duodenum, liver, and kidney were sampled. Cadmium concentrations in the tissue samples were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometry after dry ashing of the samples. There was an obvious increase of cadmium concentration in the organs of animals that were fed diets with elevated cadmium concentrations (experimental groups 3, 4, 5). Among these groups, no significant differences were found in cadmium concentrations in the liver and kidney. However, cadmium concentrations in the duodenum differed significantly, with the highest cadmium concentration found in animals from group 5 (CdCl2 supplement, no yeast) which suggests a higher availability of dietary cadmium in the form of CdCl2 compared to cadmium incorporated in the feeding yeast. While zinc and copper concentrations in the organs examined remained unaffected by the experimental treatments, dietary cadmium reduced the iron concentrations in the duodenum and liver and this effect seemed to be alleviated by the presence of yeast in the diet. Different dietary treatments also caused differences in the liver concentrations of manganese. Zusammenfassung Der Einfluß von organischem und anorganischem Diät‐Cadmium auf die Verfügbarkeit von Cadmium, Zink, Kupfer, Eisen und Mangan bei Ratten Die Verfügbarkeit von Cd aus Nahrungsmitteln, die mit CdCl2 versetzt waren, wurde mit der Verfügbarkeit von natürlich aufgenommenem Cd aus Futtermittelhefe verglichen. Der Einfluß von Futtermittelhefe mit zugesetztem CdCl2 wurde auch untersucht. Zweiundsiebzig entwöhnte Wistar Ratten wurden zufällig durch ein vollständiges Block‐design mit jeweils 6 Würfen pro Block ausgewählt. Tiere innerhalb eines Blocks wurden zufällig den experimentellen Gruppen zugeordnet. Ein Tier wurde getötet, um die Ausgangskonzentrationen der Spurenelemente in den Organen zu bestimmen. Die Versuchsgruppen beinhalten: 1. Kontroll – Standardfutter mit (Cd, 0,0 mg/kg), 2. Futter mit 10% Hefe mit niedriger Cd‐Konzentration Cd (Cd, 0,3 mg/kg); 3. F...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of organic and inorganic forms of dietary cadmium on cadmium, zinc, copper, iron and manganese availability to rats

Turecki

Cibulka

Slámová

et al. 1997

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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“…Figure 7. Emission factors of total gaseous mercury from woody waste combustion: Japan ; England (U.K. National Atmospheric Emissions Inventory [NAEI], 2009;Miller et al, 2002); Czechoslovakia (Cibulka et al, 1992); and Sweden (Krook et al, 2004). cases. Its concentration was 2.0-70.6 times higher than elemental mercury concentration.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is speculated that lower mercury concentration in wood materials tested in this monitoring campaign mainly causes this difference. Figure 7 suggests that emission factor can potentially increase to the same level as Czech (Cibulka et al, 1992) and Swedish (Krook et al, 2004) cases when other woody wastes were tested. Emission factors of plastic combustion depend strongly on the type of plastics.…”

Section: Total Mercury Emission Factors Of Waste Combustionsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Atmospheric mercury emissions from waste combustions measured by continuous monitoring devices

Takahashi

Shimaoka

Kida

2012

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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Atmospheric mercury emissions have attracted great attention owing to adverse impact of mercury on human health and the ecosystem. Although waste combustion is one of major anthropogenic sources, estimated emission might have large uncertainty due to great heterogeneity of wastes. This study investigated atmospheric emissions of speciated mercury from the combustions of municipal solid wastes (MSW), sewage treatment sludge (STS), STS with waste plastics, industrial waste mixtures (IWM), waste plastics from construction demolition, and woody wastes using continuous monitoring devices. Reactive gaseous mercury was the major form at the inlet side of air pollution control devices in all combustion cases. Its concentration was 2.0-70.6 times larger than elemental mercury concentration. In particular, MSW, STS, and IWM combustions emitted higher concentration of reactive gaseous mercury. Concentrations of both gaseous mercury species varied greatly for all waste combustions excluding woody waste. Variation coefficients of measured data were nearly equal to or more than 1.0. Emission factors of gaseous elemental mercury, reactive gaseous mercury, and total mercury were calculated using continuous monitoring data. Total mercury emission factors are 0.30 g-Hg/Mg for MSW combustion, 0.21 g-Hg/Mg for STS combustion, 0.077 g-Hg/Mg for STS with waste plastics, 0.724 g-Hg/Mg for industrial waste mixtures, 0.028 g-Hg/Mg for waste plastic combustion, and 0.0026 g-Hg/Mg for woody waste combustion. All emission factors evaluated in this study were comparable or lower than other reported data. Emission inventory using old emission factors likely causes an overestimation.

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“…The relatively high content of Cd in yeasts cultivated in the medium without Cd addition (3.1 ± 0.1 mg/kg) was expectable (Cibulka et al, 1992) and resulted in slightly increased Cd content in the low-Cd yeast supplemented diet. Arsenic content in the yeasts was low (0.28 ± 0.08 mg/kg) as well as arsenic content in whole diets without addition of sodium arsenite.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High contents of cadmium in feeding yeasts produced in the Czech Republic were documented by Cibulka et al (1992). Tomsett (1988) and Inouhe et al (1991) observed possible cadmium and copper detoxification in Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeasts via binding to the specific peptides, metallothioneins similar to animal metallothioneins.…”

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confidence: 98%

Influence of elevated content of cadmium and arsenic in diet containing feeding yeast on organisms of rats

Száková¹,

Zidek²,

Miholová³

2009

CZECH J ANIM SCI

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The influence of elevated cadmium content in diet on the content of this element in liver, kidney and testes of 68 male rats was studied in dependence on the chemical form of applied cadmium (as inorganic salt – CdCl2 and organically bound in yeast cells); the influence of elevated arsenic content (as NaAsO2) in diet on its content in the same organs was also investigated. The interactions between arsenic and cadmium in the above-mentioned organs were studied. The addition of cadmium to the diet of rats significantly (P < 0.05) increased cadmium content in several organs. The addition of yeast containing the natural level of Cd increased the content of cadmium in liver and kidney of experimental animals significantly (P < 0.05). A significantly (P < 0.05) increased cadmium accumulation in organs was observed after the addition of Cd as CdCl2, compared with the addition of Cd as organically bound Cd in yeast cells. At the same time, the addition of yeasts containing the natural level of Cd decreased the Cd accumulation applied as CdCl2 in the examined organs. The addition of sodium arsenite to the diet of rats led to a significantly (P < 0.05) increased arsenic content in all the analyzed organs. The addition of yeasts to the diet increased arsenic content in liver and at the same time suppressed its content in kidneys of experimental animals. The interaction between arsenic and cadmium applied simultaneously was evident. The addition of As to the diet decreased the accumulation of Cd in kidney and increased its accumulation in testes. The addition of Cd to the diet increased arsenic content in liver and kidney and decreased its content in testes.

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Cadmium, lead and mercury levels in feeding yeast produced in Czechoslovakia

Cited by 4 publications

References 1 publication

Effect of organic and inorganic forms of dietary cadmium on cadmium, zinc, copper, iron and manganese availability to rats

Effect of organic and inorganic forms of dietary cadmium on cadmium, zinc, copper, iron and manganese availability to rats

Atmospheric mercury emissions from waste combustions measured by continuous monitoring devices

Influence of elevated content of cadmium and arsenic in diet containing feeding yeast on organisms of rats

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