Cadmium-induced lignification restricts soybean root growth

Determination of zinc oxide nanoparticles toxicity in root growth in wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) seedlings

“…Previous studies demonstrated that Zn could form stable complexes with nucleic acids, affecting their stability and also cause genotoxicity in plants [30]. As reported by Finger-Teixeira et al [9], the reduction of root growth as observed in this study might also be linked to significant loss of cell viability in wheat seedlings.…”

“…In this study, treatment with DHE and HPF also showed that the superoxide and H 2 O 2 formation in roots was increased in roots treated with ZnONPs. Root growth inhibition and excess H 2 O 2 accumulation has been reported from different plants Acta Biologica Hungarica 67, 2016 under abiotic stress conditions [9,17]. The correlation between root growth retardation and H 2 O 2 level as a result heavy metal stress has also been reported from different plants [26,16].…”

Cadmium toxicity

“…40 Excessive lignin production induced by cadmium accounted for the solidification of cell wall and subsequent restriction of root growth. 41 The distribution of de-esterified and esterified pectins on the radical apex differed with different concentrations of cadmium, indicating that cadmium spatially modulates the synthesis and distribution of both pectins. 15 In addition, de-esterified pectins can bind with calcium by their carboxyl groups and thus increase stiffening of cell wall, which contribute to inhibition of cell expansion.…”

Cadmium-induced oxidative damage and antioxidant defense mechanisms in Glycine max L.

“…The RNA levels were determined as described previously using RNA extracted from the roots and leaves of 3 independent experiments. Gel analysis and relative mRNA levels showed that the expression levels were nearly constitutive in control and Cd-treated samples at 4 h, 6 h and 24 h respectively.…”

“…Many heavy metals such as copper (Cu), iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) are essential for plants in low quantities, but cadmium (Cd) is toxic even in trace levels. Cadmium accumulation causes morphological and physiological alterations, reduction in the photosynthetic activities, diminution in the water and nutrients uptake and also results in visible symptoms of injury in plants such as chlorosis, growth inhibition, browning of root tips, and even death [3,4] .…”