Burkholderia zhejiangensis sp. nov., a methyl-parathion-degrading bacterium isolated from a wastewater-treatment system

Abstract

The taxonomic status of a methyl-parathion-degrading strain, OP-1 T , isolated from a wastewatertreatment system in China, was determined using a polyphasic approach. The rod-shaped cells were Gram-staining-negative, non-spore-forming and non-motile. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the novel strain belonged to the genus Burkholderia, as it appeared closely related to Burkholderia glathei ATCC 29195 T (97.4 % sequence similarity), Burkholderia sordidicola KCTC 12081 T (96.5 %) and Burkholderia bryophila LMG 23644 T (96.3 %). The major cellular fatty acids, C 16 : 0 , C 17 : 0 cyclo and C 18 : 1 v7c, were also similar to those found in established members of the genus Burkholderia. The genomic DNA G+C content of strain OP-1 T was 59.4 mol%. The level of DNA-DNA relatedness between the novel strain and the closest recognized species, Burkholderia glathei ATCC 29195 T , was only 30 %. Based on the phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic evidence, strain OP-1 T represents a novel species of the genus Burkholderia, for which the name Burkholderia zhejiangensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is OP-1 T (5CCTCC AB 2010354 T 5KCTC 23300 T ).Methyl parathion (O,O-dimethyl O-p-nitrophenylphosphorothioate; MP) is widely used to control a large range of insect pests. Like other organophosphorus pesticides, MP kills insects by inhibiting their acetyl cholinesterase, in an irreversible manner (Karalliedde & Senanayake, 1989). Unfortunately, as acetyl cholinesterase occurs in all vertebrates, the potential for organophosphorus pesticides causing damage to humans and other vertebrates is very high (Dumas et al., 1989;Sogorb et al., 2004). Soil microorganisms can play a significant role in the bioremediation of pesticide-contaminated soil, and various MP-degrading soil bacteria have already been isolated and characterized (Chaudhry et al., 1988;Hayatsu et al., 2000;Liu et al., 2005;Zhang et al., 2006;Shen et al., 2010).Burkholderia is a genus of metabolically versatile Gramstaining-negative bacteria. The genus was first proposed by Yabuuchi et al. (1992), who transferred seven species from rRNA group II of the genus Pseudomonas to the novel genus. Many species of the genus Burkholderia play an important role in the biodegradation of pollutants (Coenye & Vandamme, 2003;Lehning et al., 1997;Hayatsu et al., 2000). In this paper, the taxonomy of an MP-degrading bacterium, designated strain OP-1 T , was investigated using a polyphasic approach, The new strain was eventually identified as a novel species in the genus Burkholderia.In 2008, a conventional enrichment method was employed in an attempt to isolate MP-degrading bacteria from sludge collected from the wastewater-treatment system of a pesticidemanufacturing company in the Chinese province of Zhejiang. A subsample (1 g) of the collected sludge was inoculated into an MP-supplemented mineral salts medium (MP-MSM) which contained (l 21 ): 1.5 g K 2 HPO 4 , 0.5 g KH 2 PO 4 , 1.0 g NH 4 NO 3 , 0.2 g MgSO 4 . 7H 2 O, 0.5 g NaCl and, as the so...

Transfer of eleven species of the genus Burkholderia to the genus Paraburkholderia and proposal of Caballeronia gen. nov. to accommodate twelve species of the genera Burkholderia and Paraburkholderia

“…zhejiangensis pertaining to Zhejiang, the province where the type strain was isolated). The description is as provided by Lu et al (2012) with the following additional properties. The position in phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences and the specificities of conserved sequence indels are in accordance with the genus description.…”

Burkholderia caballeronis sp. nov., a nitrogen fixing species isolated from tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) with the ability to effectively nodulate Phaseolus vulgaris

“…This last feature was striking because previously legumes were thought to be nodulated only by a-proteobacteria. Today, eight Burkholderia species that elicit effective nodule formation on legume roots have been reported and more are in the pipeline awaiting description [37,46]. Recently, strains from B. fungorum were found to nodulate Phaseolus vulgaris, although ineffectively [30].…”

Burkholderia megalochromosomata sp. nov., isolated from grassland soil

“…The genus Burkholderia was created by Yabuuchi et al (1992) to harbour seven species that were previously known as Pseudomonas rRNA group II. Since then, species of the genus Burkholderia have been isolated from various habitats, such as agricultural soil (Draghi et al , 2014), contaminated soil (Liu et al , 2014), a plant-associated environment (Tian et al , 2013) and a wastewater treatment system (Lu et al , 2012). In this study a bacterial strain, designated JC2949 T , was isolated, characterized and classified as a novel member of the genus Burkholderia .…”