The taxonomic status of a methyl-parathion-degrading strain, OP-1 T , isolated from a wastewatertreatment system in China, was determined using a polyphasic approach. The rod-shaped cells were Gram-staining-negative, non-spore-forming and non-motile. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the novel strain belonged to the genus Burkholderia, as it appeared closely related to Burkholderia glathei ATCC 29195 T (97.4 % sequence similarity), Burkholderia sordidicola KCTC 12081 T (96.5 %) and Burkholderia bryophila LMG 23644 T (96.3 %). The major cellular fatty acids, C 16 : 0 , C 17 : 0 cyclo and C 18 : 1 v7c, were also similar to those found in established members of the genus Burkholderia. The genomic DNA G+C content of strain OP-1 T was 59.4 mol%. The level of DNA-DNA relatedness between the novel strain and the closest recognized species, Burkholderia glathei ATCC 29195 T , was only 30 %. Based on the phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic evidence, strain OP-1 T represents a novel species of the genus Burkholderia, for which the name Burkholderia zhejiangensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is OP-1 T (5CCTCC AB 2010354 T 5KCTC 23300 T ).Methyl parathion (O,O-dimethyl O-p-nitrophenylphosphorothioate; MP) is widely used to control a large range of insect pests. Like other organophosphorus pesticides, MP kills insects by inhibiting their acetyl cholinesterase, in an irreversible manner (Karalliedde & Senanayake, 1989). Unfortunately, as acetyl cholinesterase occurs in all vertebrates, the potential for organophosphorus pesticides causing damage to humans and other vertebrates is very high (Dumas et al., 1989;Sogorb et al., 2004). Soil microorganisms can play a significant role in the bioremediation of pesticide-contaminated soil, and various MP-degrading soil bacteria have already been isolated and characterized (Chaudhry et al., 1988;Hayatsu et al., 2000;Liu et al., 2005;Zhang et al., 2006;Shen et al., 2010).Burkholderia is a genus of metabolically versatile Gramstaining-negative bacteria. The genus was first proposed by Yabuuchi et al. (1992), who transferred seven species from rRNA group II of the genus Pseudomonas to the novel genus. Many species of the genus Burkholderia play an important role in the biodegradation of pollutants (Coenye & Vandamme, 2003;Lehning et al., 1997;Hayatsu et al., 2000). In this paper, the taxonomy of an MP-degrading bacterium, designated strain OP-1 T , was investigated using a polyphasic approach, The new strain was eventually identified as a novel species in the genus Burkholderia.In 2008, a conventional enrichment method was employed in an attempt to isolate MP-degrading bacteria from sludge collected from the wastewater-treatment system of a pesticidemanufacturing company in the Chinese province of Zhejiang. A subsample (1 g) of the collected sludge was inoculated into an MP-supplemented mineral salts medium (MP-MSM) which contained (l 21 ): 1.5 g K 2 HPO 4 , 0.5 g KH 2 PO 4 , 1.0 g NH 4 NO 3 , 0.2 g MgSO 4 . 7H 2 O, 0.5 g NaCl and, as the so...

A novel, aerobic, Gram-positive actinomycete strain, designated XMU15 T , was isolated from an ocean sediment collected from Zhaoan Bay in the East China Sea and was subjected to a polyphasic approach to determine its taxonomic position. The isolate grew optimally at 28 6C and at pH 7.0 in the presence of 3 % (w/v) NaCl on ISP medium 2. Gelatin liquefaction, milk coagulation and nitrate reduction were positive. Cellulose and starch hydrolysis, hydrogen sulfide and melanin production, and catalase, urease and oxidase activities were negative. The predominant menaquinone of the isolate was MK-9 (H 4 ), and meso-diaminopimelic acid was the diagnostic amino acid in the cell wall. The phospholipids of the isolate comprised diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, and a minor amount of phosphatidylethanolamine. The major fatty acids of the strain were iso-C 16 : 0 (26.36 %), C 17 : 1 v6c (16.80 %), C 15 : 0 (16.2 %), C 16 : 0 (8.90 %), C 17 : 1 v8c (7.69 %) and iso-C 16 : 1 H (5.95 %). The DNA G+C content of the genomic DNA was 68.1 mol%. A phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the isolate fell within the evolutionary radiation encompassed by the genus Saccharomonospora and showed the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (96.7 %) to Saccharomonospora xinjiangensis DSM 44391 T . Based on the results of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and phenotypic and genotypic characterization, strain XMU15 T (5KCTC 19701 T 5CCTCC AA 209048 T ) represents a novel species of the genus Saccharomonospora, for which the name Saccharomonospora marina sp. nov. is proposed.

Terrimonas rubra sp. nov., isolated from a polluted farmland soil and emended description of the genus Terrimonas , was isolated from a polluted farmland soil sample in China and was characterized in a taxonomic study using a polyphasic approach.

A novel Gram-negative, motile, rod-shaped, facultative anaerobic bacterial strain, KMK6(T), was isolated from soil contaminated with textile dyes from an industrial estate located at Ichalkaranji, Maharashtra, India, and its taxonomical position was established by using a polyphasic approach. The major cellular fatty acids included C17:1ω8c, summed feature 3 (C16:1ω7c and/or iso-C15:0 2-OH), C17:0, C16:0, and C18:1ω7c. The DNA G+C content of strain KMK6(T) was 48.8 mol %. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis confirmed its placement in the genus Alishewanella, and exhibited sequence similarity levels of below 97 % to the type strains of validly published Alishewanella species. On the basis of genotypic and phenotypic evidence, strains KMK6(T) is considered to be a novel species of the genus Alishewanella, for which we propose that strain KMK6(T) (=NCIM 5295(T) =BCRC 17848(T)) is assigned to a novel species, Alishewanella solinquinati sp. nov.

A Gram-stain-positive, oxidase-and catalase-positive, non-motile, non-spore-forming, halotolerant, coccoid bacterium, designated strain NY-2 T , was isolated from a seaside soil sample from Shandong Province, China. Strain NY-2 T was able to grow in the presence of 0-23 % (w/v) NaCl and at pH 4.5-10.0 and 5-42 6C; optimum growth was observed with 3-8 % (w/v) total salts and at pH 6.5-8.0 and 28-37 6C. Chemotaxonomic analyses, including fatty acid profiles, menaquinones and polar lipids, supported the affiliation of strain NY-2 T to the genus Jeotgalicoccus. The predominant menaquinone of strain NY-2 T was menaquinone 7 (MK-7)(100 %) and the major cellular fatty acids were iso-C 15 : 0 (49.0 %) and anteiso-