Bulk Ti1−xAlxN nanocomposite via spark plasma sintering of nanostructured Ti1−xAlxN–AlN powders

Peculiarities of the neck growth process during initial stage of spark-plasma, microwave and conventional sintering of WC spheres

“…Graphite foils (Grafoil) were used as spacers between the specimen and the graphite die and punches. In a typical experiment, 0.8 g of the powder was loaded into the die, without preliminary pressing, which was then placed inside the SPS apparatus [4]. A low pressure of 25 MPa (2.0 kN) was initially applied.…”

“…For almost decade the SPS technique has been successfully applied to consolidate the various metals, alloys, ceramics, its composites [1][2][3][4][5][6] providing rapid heating and high densification rates at lower processing temperatures, accompanied by a very limited grain growth [7]. The majority of investigations applying the SPS consolidation technique have focused on obtaining bulk materials with desired microstructure and properties.…”

High-temperature reactive spark plasma consolidation of TiB2–NbC ceramic composites

“…Among the reactive consolidation techniques, spark plasma sintering (SPS) is gaining in popularity [23][24][25][26]. In a recent report on hightemperature reaction-driven spark plasma sintering (RSPS) of TiB 2 -TaC ceramics, Demirskyi et al [22] reported the formation of a hard (28 GPa) tantalum titanium carboboride phase during consolidation that involved the dissolution of titanium diboride into a newly formed (Ta,Ti)C carbide.…”

Synthesis and consolidation of TiN/TiB2 ceramic composites via reactive spark plasma sintering

“…Moreover, the possibility of high exothermic reactions initiation in self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) mode by means of SPS technology [13] is also an advantage of this method. Numerous experimental investigations [1,6,[14][15][16] point to the ability of SPS to consolidate highly dense powder products with the potential of grain size retention. The latter ability is of significance for the consolidation of nanocomposites where the grain growth is one of the major problems.…”

“…Until now, the SPS technology has been used to fabricate various materials including metals and alloys, compounds, ceramics, composite, especially some bulk amorphous and nanomaterials, multi scaled structure and functionally graded materials, etc. [1,6,[14][15][16][17][18][19][20].…”