Building a hydrogen infrastructure in the United States

Reddi, Krishna; Mintz, Marianne; Elgowainy, Amgad; Sutherland, Erika

doi:10.1016/b978-1-78242-364-5.00013-0

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Hence, due to their high porosity, the polymer materials used to construct gas pipelines are not suitable for use in pipelines designed to transport pressurized hydrogen. Therefore, the majority of hydrogen pipelines are currently constructed using lowcarbon steel [3]. In order to create a hydrogen economy, low-cost materials for building a massive network of hydrogen pipelines must be developed.…”

Section: How? (First Steps)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Steel pipeline for the hydrogen storage and delivery: metallurgical viewpoint for Finnish ecosystem

Javaheri¹

2023

futech

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For more than a century, hydrogen has been used as an industrial chemical to produce ammonia for fertilizers and to process intermediate products in oil refineries. However, hydrogen has recently received renewed interest due to its ability to reduce carbon emissions to the atmosphere, particularly in the steel-making industries. Thus, hydrogen has the potential to play a critical role in combating climate change and achieving Finland's national goal of carbon neutrality by 2035. In this regard, national and global demand for hydrogen is rapidly increasing, and it is now three times more than what it was in 1975. The production and supply of hydrogen for industrial consumption would be a massive business that is expected to expand even faster than before. According to the IEA, the total demand for hydrogen in pure and mixed gas was approximately 115-120 million tones in 2018. (Gaseous) hydrogen can be efficiently transported by pipeline networks at a pressure of typically <100 bar. Pipelines provide an economical means of transporting hydrogen in large quantities over long/short distances, and hence they are often found serving end users who take hydrogen from a local central source of production. Nevertheless, the correct pipe material for hydrogen distribution must be designed and used, and the current natural gas pipeline infrastructure must be upgraded significantly if it is to be used for the delivery of pure hydrogen at high pressure. Hence, new research is needed to focus mainly on the possibility of use/modification of available natural gas pipeline network for hydrogen delivery as well as the study on the new economical pipeline material, exclusively for hydrogen transportation and storage.

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Section: How? (First Steps)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Steel pipeline for the hydrogen storage and delivery: metallurgical viewpoint for Finnish ecosystem

Javaheri¹

2023

futech

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“…Compression, storage and dispensing are key stages of the gaseous hydrogen refueling process, with direct implications to the final fuel cost paid by customers. In hydrogen refueling stations, the storage system not only locally stores the compressed gas, addressing the mismatch between fuel supply and demand during daily operations, but also plays a role in accelerating the filling process and avoiding frequent starts/stops of the compressor [47,48].…”

Section: Fuel Stationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Considering dispensing for light-duty vehicles operating at 70 MPa, high-pressure storage in a cascade system may be typically performed at 90-100 MPa, thus, ensuring the charging pressure difference needed for a short refueling time. Type II (usually steel-reinforced with carbon fibers) or type IV tanks are frequent configurations of choice for storage at such elevated working pressures once type I tanks become an uneconomical and heavy option and type III may be prone to fatigue due to the large number of fueling cycles [47,51]. Low-(approximately 20 MPa) and medium-pressure storage (approximately 40 MPa) may employ type I steel tanks.…”

Section: Fuel Stationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Industrial Perspectives and Challenges on Material, Manufacturing, Design and Development of Compressed Hydrogen Storage Tanks for the Transportation Sector

et al. 2022

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Hydrogen fuel cell technology is securing a place in the future of advanced mobility and the energy revolution, as engineers explore multiple paths in the quest for decarbonization. The feasibility of hydrogen-based fuel cell vehicles particularly relies on the development of safe, lightweight and cost-competitive solutions for hydrogen storage. After the demonstration of hundreds of prototype vehicles, today, commercial hydrogen tanks are in the first stages of market introduction, adopting configurations that use composite materials. However, production rates remain low and costs high. This paper intends to provide an insight into the evolving scenario of solutions for hydrogen storage in the transportation sector. Current applications in different sectors of transport are covered, focusing on their individual requirements. Furthermore, this work addresses the efforts to produce economically attractive composite tanks, discussing the challenges surrounding material choices and manufacturing practices, as well as cutting-edge trends pursued by research and development teams. Key issues in the design and analysis of hydrogen tanks are also discussed. Finally, testing and certification requirements are debated once they play a vital role in industry acceptance.

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“…The total energy consumed of the proposed electric vehicle station has been assumed during the day, based on the study in (Reddi et al 2016), as presented in Fig. 2.…”

Section: The System Under Feasibility Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Smart green charging scheme of centralized electric vehicle stations

Makeen

Memon

Elkasrawy

et al. 2021

International Journal of Green Energy

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This paper presses a smart charging decision-making criterion that significantly contributes in enhancing the scheduling of the electric vehicles (EVs) during the charging process.The proposed criterion aims to optimize the charging time, select the charging methodology either DC constant current constant voltage (DC-CCCV) or DC multi-stage constant currents (DC-MSCC), maximize the charging capacity as well as minimize the queuing delay per EV, especially during peak hours. The decision-making algorithms have been developed by utilizing metaheuristic algorithms including the Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Water Cycle Optimization Algorithm (WCOA). The utility of the proposed models has been investigated while considering the Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) as a benchmark. Furthermore, the proposed models are seeded using the Monte Carlo simulation technique by estimating the EVs arriving density to the EVS across the day. WCOA has shown an overall reduction of 13% and 8.5% in the total charging time while referring to MILP and GA respectively.

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Building a hydrogen infrastructure in the United States

Cited by 13 publications

References 6 publications

Steel pipeline for the hydrogen storage and delivery: metallurgical viewpoint for Finnish ecosystem

Steel pipeline for the hydrogen storage and delivery: metallurgical viewpoint for Finnish ecosystem

A Review on Industrial Perspectives and Challenges on Material, Manufacturing, Design and Development of Compressed Hydrogen Storage Tanks for the Transportation Sector

Smart green charging scheme of centralized electric vehicle stations

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