Bronchial Allergen Challenge in Allergic Children: Continuous Increase of Nitric Oxide in Exhaled Air 72 Hours After Allergen Inhalation Independent of Bronchial Obstruction

Abstract

An increase in FeNO in sensitive subjects starts a few hours later than the decrease in FEV(1). Consequently, measurements of FeNO seem to be useful in long-term monitoring of the allergic reaction triggered by a specific allergen.

Changes in Exhaled Nitric Oxide Levels After Bronchial Allergen Challenge

“…This observation is consistent with previous studies that used common [14][15][16]26] and occupational allergens [27,28].…”

“…The kinetics of changes in FeNO after BAC has been assessed at different time points in several studies. In patients with positive asthmatic responses, FeNO was elevated starting from the eighth hour postchallenge onward, and it was still elevated 48 [33] and 72 h after the BAC [16]. In patients with dual asthmatic responses, the maximal FeNO increase has been reported to be 10 h after challenge [14,15].…”

“…After bronchial allergen challenges, elevated FeNO levels have been reported in subjects with late or dual asthmatic responses [14,15], but also in subjects with early asthmatic responses [16]. However, the usefulness of FeNO measurements for predicting the outcome of bronchial allergen challenge (BAC) has not been previously evaluated.…”

Can we predict allergen‐induced asthma in patients with allergic rhinitis?

“…All of the patients with physician-diagnosed asthma and four subjects with negative SPT were excluded from further analyses. The median age of the remaining 73 subjects with AR was 24 years (range 13-44); the median age of the 20 healthy control subjects was 23 years (range [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27].…”

Environmental factors associated with baseline and serial changes in fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) in spice mill workers

“…Recent studies have shown that the continuous increase of FeNO in exhaled air 72 hours after allergen inhalation in grass pollen-sensitive participants is independent of the bronchial obstruction observed 32. Most occupational studies, however, obtained the last measurement of FeNO 20–24 hours after allergen challenge,23–27 while the maximum increase in FeNO occurred 48 hours after allergen challenge with Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus in atopic participants with dual asthmatic responses 10 33.…”