Brominated dioxin-like compounds: in vitro assessment in comparison to classical dioxin-like compounds and other polyaromatic compounds

Primary cultured cells as sensitive in vitro model for assessment of toxicants-comparison to hepatocytes and gill epithelia

“…There was no EROD induction by DE71 in both cultured gill epithelia and hepatocytes in the present study, although a weak EROD induction was reported in BDE-77, 100, 153, and 183 in mammalian cell lines (Chen et al, 2001;Behnisch et al, 2003) and in primary cultured rat hepatocytes (Rattus norvegicus) (Chen et al, 2001;Chen and Bunce, 2003). Our results are consistent with previous experiments in primary cultured carp (Cyprinus carpio) hepatocytes (Kuiper et al, 2004) and monkey (Macaca fascicularis) hepatocytes (Peters et al, 2006).…”

Identification of Major Dioxin-Like Compounds and Androgen Receptor Antagonist in Acid-Treated Tissue Extracts of High Trophic-Level Animals

“…In the present study, original samples, but not sulfuric acid-treated extracts, were used between the CALUX assays and instrument analyses, and this has been one reason for the overestimation of the theoretical CALUX-TEQs. However, the results for the livers of Baikal seals and finless porpoises suggest that unidentified dioxin-like compounds, such as dioxin-like polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans and polychlorinated naphthalene, 13 exist in these tissues. Despite this, our results clearly indicated that internationally regulated dioxins such as POPs were the important contributors to the experimental CALUX-TEQs for all tested animal samples.…”

“…Dioxin-Like Compounds. To evaluate the contribution of dioxin-like compounds to the DR-CALUX-measured dioxin-like activities in persistent extracts of wild animal tissues, previously reported concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) and coplanar-polychlorinated biphenyls (CoPCBs) (Table S1) for blubber (1992, n = 10; 2005, n = 10) 17 and livers (2005, n = 10; Imaeda et al, unpublished data) of Baikal seals, and for livers of common cormorants (n = 10), 19 raccoon dogs (n = 10), 20 and finless porpoises (n = 4), 21 were used to calculate the theoretical CALUX-TEQs by multiplying by the respective CALUX potencies relative to TCDD (Table S2), 13 as described in our previous study. 25 The theoretical CALUX-TEQs for PCDD/Fs and Co-PCBs in the persistent extracts were 21 to 310 pg/g-lipid (median 87 pg/g-lipid) and 59 to 460 pg/g-lipid (median 140 pg/g-lipid), respectively, for blubber samples of Baikal seals (n = 20); 100 to 1900 pg/g-lipid (median 340 pg/g-lipid) and 170 to 760 pg/g-lipid (median 390 Environmental Science & Technology ARTICLE pg/g-lipid) for liver samples of Baikal seals (n = 10); 1000 to 4200 pg/g-lipid (median 2300 pg/g-lipid) and 490 to 3800 pg/glipid (median 1600 pg/g-lipid) for liver samples of common cormorants (n = 10); 420 to 3900 pg/g-lipid (median 1100 pg/glipid) and 30 to 1000 pg/g-lipid (median 130 pg/g-lipid) for liver samples of raccoon dogs (n = 10); and 150 to 290 pg/g-lipid (median 240 pg/g-lipid) and 16 to 21 pg/g-lipid (median 19 pg/ g-lipid) for liver samples of finless porpoises (n = 4).…”

AhR-active compounds in sediments of the Haihe and Dagu Rivers, China

“…There are literally thousands of chemicals that exhibit AhR-mediated activity (Giesy et al, 1994b;Murk et al, 1996) including heterocyclic oxygen-and sulfur-containing compounds for which authentic standards are not available. The PCDD/PCDFs and structurally-similar compounds constitute a group of lipophilic, persistent, ubiquitous, and bioaccumulative environmental chemicals exhibiting a broad spectrum of biological effects (Giesy and Kannan, 1998;Behnisch et al, 2003), some of which include hepatotoxicity, induction of certain types of cancer, thymic atrophy, immunotoxicity, wasting syndrome, reproductive toxicity, and induction of monooxygenase enzymes or porphyria (Poland and Knutson, 1982;Brouwer et al, 1995;Denison and Heath-Pagliuso, 1998;Van den Berg et al, 1998).…”

“…The uncertainty is exacerbated by the fact that relative potency (REP) values or toxic equivalency factors (TEFs) are not available for all of the classes or compounds that may be present in environmental matrices (Van den Berg et al, 1998). The use of bioanalytical methods can provide a comprehensive measure of total AhR-mediated activity and its associated risk (Behnisch et al, 2003). A bioassay method has the advantage of integrating the toxic potency of all the compounds in a sample and of being more rapid and inexpensive when many samples need to be assessed (Schirmer et al, 2004).…”