Bromatological and microbiological characteristics of sugarcane silages treated with calcium oxide

Abstract

-It was evaluated the addition of calcium oxide (0; 0.5; 1.0; 1.5; and 2.0% of dry matter) effect on the chemical composition and ruminal degradability of the dry matter and neutral detergent fiber, on the losses of dry matter, and on the microbial population in sugar cane silages. A design with five levels of calcium oxide and three replications was used. All the variables were influenced by the addition of calcium oxide in the silages, except the composition in acid detergent insoluble protein, water soluble carbohydrates and lignin. The dry matter content and pH linearly increased while the contents of organic matter, hemicellulose and crude protein linearly decreased with the levels of calcium oxide. Neutral detergent fiber corrected for ashes and protein and acid detergent fiber were adjusted for the quadratic models with calculated minimal values of 33.3 and 22.5% for the levels 1.73 and 1.49% of calcium oxide, respectively. The in vitro digestibility of the dry matter and the content of amoniacal nitrogen adjusted to quadratic models with maximal levels of 80.1% and 9.1% for the levels of 1.8 and 0.7% of calcium oxide, respectively. The minimal production of gas (3.18%) was observed at the level of 1.39% of calcium oxide. Production of effluent and recovery of dry matter of the ensiled mass showed a reduction and a linear increase, respectively, with addition of calcium oxide. The highest lactic acid bacterial population was observed in the silage treated with 1.5% of calcium oxide. The addition of calcium oxide increased degradability of the soluble fraction of the dry matter, which was higher than 50% and reduced the non-degradable fraction of the neutral detergent fiber. Addition of calcium oxide level higher than 1.0% in the sugar cane during ensilage improves in vitro dry matter digestibility and the recovery of dry matter, increases populations of lactic acid bacteria and reduces production of yeasts.Key Words: effluent, ensilage, microbial population, nutritional value, whitewashCaracterísticas bromatológicas e microbiológicas de silagens de cana-deaçúcar tratadas com óxido de cálcio RESUMO -Avaliou-se o efeito da adição de óxido de cálcio (0; 0,5; 1,0; 1,5 e 2,0%, da MS) na composição química e degradabilidade ruminal da matéria seca e fibra de detergente neutro (FDN), nas perdas de MS e na população microbiana em silagens de cana. Foi utilizado um delineamento com cinco níveis de óxido de cálcio e três repetições. Todas as variáveis foram influenciadas (P<0,05) pela adição de óxido de cálcio nas silagens, exceto a composição em proteína insolúvel em detergente ácido, carboidratos solúveis em água e lignina. O teor de matéria seca e o pH aumentaram linearmente, enquanto que os de matéria orgânica, hemicelulose e proteína bruta reduziram, também linearmente, com os níveis de óxido de cálcio. A fibra em detergente neutro corrigida para cinzas e proteína e a fibra em detergente ácido ajustaram-se a modelo quadrático, com valores mínimos calculados de 33,3 e 22,5% para os níveis de 1,73 e 1,4...

Chemical composition and dry matter digestibility of sugar cane oxide treated with calcium

“…Also using the same levels as Cavali et al (2010), Rabelo et al (2010) evaluated the chemobromatological composition and IVDMD of in natura sugar cane with CaO and observed no effect from the levels of CaO added to the average IVDMD of sugar cane (56.49, 57.58; 47.81 and 52.78%).…”

“…These studies aimed to improve animal production efficiency and reduce the damage caused by the ingestion of portions of non-digestible or non-degradable fiber, and to evaluate the contribution of additives in nutritional quality, digestibility and aerobic stability of both ensiled and fresh forage (Balieiro Neto et al, 2007, Carvalho et al, 2009Cavali et al, 2010, Mota et al, 2010.…”

Fracionamento de carboidratos e degradabilidade ruminal da cana-de-açúcar tratada com óxido de cálcio

“…1) Possíveis alterações ocorridas nas ligações dos carboidratos fibrosos podem ter contribuído para os resultados obtidos. Cavali et al (2010), ao avaliarem os efeitos da adição de diferentes porcentagens de óxido de cálcio sobre a composição química, a digestibilidade in vitro, a degradabilidade in situ e as perdas de matéria seca em silagens de cana-de-açúcar, obtiveram valores com pequena variação para a fração insolúvel potencialmente degradável (B)  23,72; 23,32; 29,72; 26,93 e 23,37% para as porcentagens de 0; 0,5; 1,0; 1,5 e 2,0% de CaO  registrando-se valor médio de 25,4%. O valor de fração B obtido na cana-de-açúcar tratada com 1,5% de CaO no presente estudo é condizente com o valor obtido por Cavali et al (2010) quando utilizaram essa mesma porcentagem de CaO.…”

Total and partial digestibility, rates of digestion obtained with rumen evacuation and microbial protein synthesis in bovines fed fresh or ensiled sugar cane and corn silage

“…Many works have been carried out to improve quality or to suggest alternatives which increase use efficiency of this roughage. Among the alternatives to improve fermentative profile and dry matter, there is an interest in using calcium oxide (Baleiro Neto et al, 2009;Oliveira et al, 2007;Cavali et al, 2010), recommended at levels up to 1.5% of fresh matter. However, little is known on the effects of this additive on physiological parameters of the animal.…”