Total and partial digestibility, rates of digestion obtained with rumen evacuation and microbial protein synthesis in bovines fed fresh or ensiled sugar cane and corn silage

Menezes, Gustavo Chamon de Castro; Filho, Sebastião de Campos Valadares; Magalhães, Fabrício Anicio; Valadares, Rilene Ferreira Diniz; Mariz, Lays Débora Silva; Detmann, Edênio; Pereira, Odilon Gomes; Leão, Maria Ignêz

doi:10.1590/s1516-35982011000500023

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…Digestibility of apNDF for BGS, EGS, and T85 was greater compared with that of SC; possibly, the CP adjustment to 11% using urea was sufficient to enhance the apNDF digestibility, as recommended by Lazzarini et al (2009) for low-quality forages. According to Menezes et al (2011), the greater iNDF content found in sugarcane-based diets can also limit the total degradation of apNDF, decreasing its digestibility. Tropical forages have an accelerated process of morphological differentiation, characterized by increased sustention tissue present in the stem fraction and a reduction of tissues related to the leaf fraction as they reach maturity and consequently increase in fiber content (Nelson and Moser, 1994).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of roughage sources produced in a tropical environment on forage intake, and ruminal and microbial parameters1

Ribeiro

Villela

Filho

et al. 2015

Journal of Animal Science

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Our objective was to study the effect of different roughage sources produced in a tropical environment on intake, digestibility, and ruminal parameters of crossbred bulls. Five rumen-fistulated 30-mo-old Holstein × Bos indicus bulls (average BW =459 ± 32.5 kg) were utilized in a 5 × 5 randomized Latin square design. The experiment consisted of five 19-d experimental periods (10 d for adaptation and 9 d for data collection) and 5 treatments. Experimental diets consisted of corn (Zea mays L.) silage (CS), Brachiaria grass (Brachiaria decumbens Stapf.) silage (BGS), elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schumach.) silage(EGS), Tifton 85 (Cynodon spp.) hay (T85), and fresh sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.; SC). Diets were formulated to have approximately 11% CP (DM basis)using a mixture of urea and ammonium sulfate (9:1 ratio) that was diluted in water and then mixed with roughage. Intake, ruminal outflow, digestibility coefficients,ruminal pool, intake, passage (kp) and digestion rates, microbial parameters, and pH data were assessed.D ry matter intake was greater (P < 0.01) for CS compared with SC. Among treatments, lesser (P < 0.01)potentially digestible NDF, ash- and protein-free NDF(apNDF), and digestible ash- and protein-free NDF intake values were observed for SC. Ruminal outflows of DM and nonfibrous carbohydrates were lesser (P <0.01) for SC compared with other treatments. Dry matter apparent digestibility and ruminal digestibility did not differ (P > 0.27) among treatments. No differences (P = 0.11) were observed for ruminal apNDF pool and ruminal kp of apNDF (P = 0.06) among treatments. No treatment effect (P > 0.28) was observed for DM and nitrogen of rumen-isolated bacteria, and microbial efficiency was greater (P = 0.02) for BGS among treatments.A treatment × time interaction (P < 0.01) was found for ruminal pH, with a quadratic pattern in terms of time for CS, BGS, EGS, and T85, whereas pH values for CA linearly decreased as a function of time. In summary, these roughages, when supplemented with an additional nitrogen sources, show similar overall apparent digestibility and ruminal pool values, but conversely, bulls fed sugarcane had less overall nutrient intake and lower ruminal outflow and digestion rate values. We conclude that fresh-cut sugarcane, when provided with urea, can affect digestion rate and, consequently, impact nutrient intake.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of roughage sources produced in a tropical environment on forage intake, and ruminal and microbial parameters1

Ribeiro

Villela

Filho

et al. 2015

Journal of Animal Science

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“…Five non-castrated male Santa Ines sheep (34.0 ± 3.6 kg bodyweight), cannulated in the rumen, were used in a 5 x 5 Latin square experiment. Each period lasted 15 days, with the first eight days for diet adaptation (Storry & Sutton, 1969;Menezes et al, 2011), followed by seven days for data collection. Sheep were housed in individual pens with wooden floors and had free access to water.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of replacing wheat bran with spineless cactus plus urea in sugarcane-based diets for sheep

Lins¹,

Pessoa²,

Ferreira³

et al. 2017

SA J. An. Sci.

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In times of drought, the availability of feed is reduced, and the use of concentrate ingredients, such as wheat bran, becomes costly for animal production. Thus, the use of spineless cactus emerges as a potential solution to the shortage of feed and water during prolonged drought periods. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of replacing wheat bran with spineless cactus plus urea (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%) in sugarcane-based diets for sheep on nutrient intake, feeding behaviour, nitrogen balance and microbial protein synthesis. Five male Santa Ines sheep with average initial bodyweight of 34.0 ± 3.6 kg were used in a 5 × 5 Latin square. The maximum intakes of dry matter (DM) (1414 g/day), organic matter (OM) (1281 g/day), crude protein (CP) (204 g/day), neutral detergent fibre corrected for ash and protein (NDFap) (425 g/day), and total digestible nutrients (TDN) (890 g/day) were estimated with replacement levels of 80.2%, 75.3%, 88.6%, 50.5%, and 79.3% respectively. Feeding behaviour was not altered by replacing wheat bran with spineless cactus plus urea. Nitrogen retention increased by 0.10 g/day, while plasmatic urea nitrogen increased by 0.20 mg/day for every 1% level of replacement. The maximum production of microbial nitrogen (15.9 g/day) and microbial protein synthesis (99.4 g/day) were estimated with replacement levels of 45.8 and 45.7%, respectively. It is concluded that up to 80% wheat bran could be replaced with spineless cactus plus urea in sugarcane-based diets for sheep. ______________________________________________________________________________________

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“…Each experimental period (five periods) lasted 15 days, with the first eight days dedicated to animal adaptation (Storry and Sutton, 1969;Menezes et al, 2011). Voluntary intake was evaluated from the 4th to 11th day of each experimental period with samples of ingredients, orts, and feces (total collection used a collection bag attached to the animals) collected for the three consecutive days of each period.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spineless cactus as a replacement for wheat bran in sugar cane-based diets for sheep: intake, digestibility, and ruminal parameters

et al. 2016

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-The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of replacing wheat bran by spineless cactus (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100%) in sugar cane-based diets on intake and nutrient digestibility and ruminal parameters of sheep. Five sheep (Santa Inês; average initial weight of 34.0±3.6 kg) were fitted with cannulas in the rumen and then assigned to a 5 × 5 Latin square design. The maximum dry matter (DM; 1414 g d −1 ), digestible organic matter (658 g d −1 ), and neutral detergent fiber corrected for ash and protein (NDFap; 425 g d −1 ) intakes were estimated by replacing 80.2, 89.9, and 50.5% of wheat bran. Dry matter and crude protein digestibility increased by 0.60 and 0.85 g kg -1 of DM. With the replacement of 57.1 and 62.2% of wheat bran, a maximum rate of NDF ingestion (0.70 h −1 ) and NDF ruminal pool (7.31 g) was obtained. Rumen pH increased with the inclusion of spineless cactus, while the maximum concentration of ammonia N (33.3 mg dL −1 ) and total volatile fatty acids (57.7 μmol mL −1 ) were estimated at the levels of 72.3 and 63.7% of replacement of wheat bran. It is recommended to replace 63% of wheat bran by spineless cactus in sugar cane-based diets, to promote better animal performance.

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Total and partial digestibility, rates of digestion obtained with rumen evacuation and microbial protein synthesis in bovines fed fresh or ensiled sugar cane and corn silage

Cited by 16 publications

References 18 publications

Effects of roughage sources produced in a tropical environment on forage intake, and ruminal and microbial parameters1

Effects of roughage sources produced in a tropical environment on forage intake, and ruminal and microbial parameters1

Effect of replacing wheat bran with spineless cactus plus urea in sugarcane-based diets for sheep

Spineless cactus as a replacement for wheat bran in sugar cane-based diets for sheep: intake, digestibility, and ruminal parameters

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