Brioflora (Bryophyta e Marchantiophyta) da Ilha do Combu, Belém, PA, Brasil

Abstract

-(Bryoflora (Bryophyta and Marchantiophyta) of Combu Island, Belém, Pará State, Brazil). There are a few studies on bryophytes from Brazilian Islands. Most of these studies are concentrated in the States of São Paulo and Pará. From the latter state, the Islands of Marajó, Germoplasma (in the Tucuruí dam reservoir), Algodoal-Maiandeua, and Trambioca were previously. However, considering the insular region of Belém municipality by itself, there are 39 Islands, including Combu Island, which is under environmental protection. It is formed essentially by várzea forest, one of the main types of floodplain Amazonian forests. The aim of this study was to investigate the bryoflora of Combu Island, Belém, Pará State, through species richness and record numbers of mosses and liverworts, by supplying data about the ecology and geographic distribution of the species in Brazil, besides the morphological and taxonomical comments, when necessary. The collections were carried out in 17 plots of 10 × 10 m, being nine in high várzea and eight in low várzea. In total, 72 species were identified (27 mosses and 45 liverworts). Lejeuneaceae was the most representative family with 41 species. Higher species richness and record number ware observed in high várzea.

Bryophytes in fragments of Terra Firme forest on the great curve of the Xingu River, Pará state, Brazil 1 Part of Master's Dissertation of the first author.

“…Lejeuneaceae was the most representative family in this study and this is in agreement with other surveys carried out in the Amazon (Gradstein and Costa, 2003;Ilkiu-Borges et al, 2004Lisboa and Tavares, 2008;Alvarenga and Lisboa, 2009;Moura et al, 2013;Brito and Ilkiu-Borges, 2013;Tavares-Martins et al, 2014). The results confirmed it as one of the richest families in…”

“…The genera Lejeunea, Cheilolejeunea, Ceratolejeunea, Fissidens, Calymperes and Syrrhopodon are often the most representative in Pará (Santos and Lisboa, 2008;Moraes and Lisboa, 2009;Brito and Ilkiu-Borges, 2013;Moura et al, 2013), and therefore this result was also predictable.…”

“…Leucobryum martianum was also considered abundant in the Amazon, forming large mats on the floor of terra firme forest (Yano, 1992), Cheilolejeunea aneogyna, Harpalejeunea oxyphylla and Radula javanica are common species in lowland tropical forest, and the two former species can also be found in submontane forest (Gradstein and Costa, 2003). In Pará, Cheilolejeunea aneogyna was registered in both primary and secondary forests (Garcia et al, 2014;Moura et al, 2013;Tavares-Martins et al, 2014). Tavares-Martins et al (2014) registered H. oxyphylla and R. javanica exclusively in canopy of terra firme forest and emphasized that these species are typical of open environments.…”

“…Leucobryum martianum, Lepidopilum surinamense and L. scabrisetum are characteristic epiphytes of humid tropical forest Santos and Lisboa, 2008;Moraes and Lisboa, 2009;Moura et al, 2013), and the later one seems to be confined to this type of environment (Florschütz-de Waard, 1986). In Pará, only L. surinamense was found in canga vegetation, an open and dry environment (Moraes and Lisboa, 2006).…”

“…Studies on bryophytes in the state of Pará were performed in different forest formations and various parts of the state as in the surroundings of the Lake Tucuruí (Ilkiu-Borges et al, 2004;Garcia et al, 2014), Serra dos Carajás (Moraes and Lisboa, 2006), Caxiuanã (Alvarenga and Lisboa, 2009;, metropolitan region of Belém (Lisboa and Ilkiu-Borges, 1995;Moura et al, 2013), Marajó Island (Lisboa et al, 1999;Brito and Ilkiu-Borges, 2013) and northeastern Pará (Santos and Lisboa, 2008;Lisboa and Tavares, 2008;Tavares-Martins et al, 2014). In the southwestern state, it is recorded only the inventory held by Lisboa and Ilkiu-Borges (2001) in São Luiz do Tapajós, in the municipality of Itaituba.…”