Brief Review on Fungal Endophytes

Mane, Rohit Shankar; Paarakh, Padmaa M; Vedamurthy, A. B.

doi:10.21448/ijsm.482798

Cited by 16 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 39 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This finding is also very similar to the Juybari et al (2019) study, in which 46.2% of isolates originated from leaves, 34.8% from bark, and 19% from xylem. Although the selectivity of endophytic fungal species in colonizing different plant tissues remains under debate due to the many influencing factors in play ( Mane et al, 2018 ), it should be noted that the presence of endophytic fungal species is ubiquitous in plant tissues, being differentiated in their frequency and diversity, and possibly based upon the symbiotic capacity that they acquire with the host plant ( Selim, 2012 ; Fesel and Zuccaro, 2016 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal Endophytes of Tahiti Lime (Citrus citrus × latifolia) and Their Potential for Control of Colletotrichum acutatum J. H. Simmonds Causing Anthracnose

Muñoz-Guerrero

Sierra

Álvarez

2021

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Colletotrichum acutatum is one of the causal agents of anthracnose in several crops, and of post-flowering fruit drop (PFD) in citrus and key lime anthracnose (KLA). The pathogen normally attacks flowers, causing lesions only in open flowers. Under very favorable conditions, however, it can also affect flower buds and small fruits, causing complete rotting of the fruit and a premature fall, resulting in major economic crop losses. We isolated endophytic fungi from Tahiti lime to evaluate its diversity, verify its antagonistic capacity against the phytopathogen Colletotrichum acutatum C-100 in dual tests, and evaluate the ability of various endophytic agents to control flowers with induced anthracnose. 138 fungal isolates were obtained from 486 fragments of branches, leaves, and fruit; from which 15 species were identified morphologically. A higher isolation frequency was found in branches and leaves, with a normal level of diversity compared to other citrus species. Of the 15 morphospecies, 5 were trialed against C. acutatum in antagonism tests, resulting in a finding of positive inhibition. 2 endophytic fungi from the antagonism tests demonstrated high inhibition of the phytopathogen, and were thus used in in vivo tests with Tahiti lime flowers, applied in a spore solution. Spore solutions of two molecularly identified species, Xylaria adscendens, and Trichoderma atroviride, reduced the lesions caused by the phytopathogen in these in vivo tests. The finding that these endophytes react antagonistically against C. acutatum may make them good candidates for further biological control research in an agroindustry that requires environmental sustainability.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal Endophytes of Tahiti Lime (Citrus citrus × latifolia) and Their Potential for Control of Colletotrichum acutatum J. H. Simmonds Causing Anthracnose

Muñoz-Guerrero

Sierra

Álvarez

2021

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The explants were washed under running tap water to remove the dust fond of to the surface and rinsed three times with distilled water. To eradicate the epiphytic microorganisms, the explants were surface sterilized according to the standard protocol 2 . Surface sterilized explants were dried on a sterile tissue paper and were cut with a sterile blade into 0.5 to 0.3 cm pieces; each piece was placed onto a potato dextrose agar (PDA) plates.…”

Section: Isolation and Characterization Of Endophytic Fungimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In-vitro Antagonistic Activity: Test Microorganisms: The two fractions of the fungus were used for in-vitro antagonistic activity against bacteria include Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, and fungi include Candida albicans, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, and Aspergillus fumigatus by well diffusion method 2,6,12,28 .…”

Section: Bioassaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This all plants are growing in unusual habitats with distinctive ecological environmental niche and holding novel strategies for survival, ethnobotanical antiquity and used for traditional medicines. It has been found that all plants seize fungal endophytes in their tissues of leaves, petioles, stems, twigs, bark, xylem, roots, fruits, flowers and seeds [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] . Merely fungal endophytes are studied from the Karnataka region even though great biodiversity is implemented by nature in the wide range.…”

Section: ) the Well A Contains Tbxa1 Suspension B Contains Tbxa2 Smentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the last decades, researchers revealed different bioactive compounds such as phenols, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, glycosides, terpenoids, etc. from the different fungal genera that possess a wide variety of biological activities including antimycobacterial, antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant and anticancer 2,7 . Optionally, these all fungi are isolated and purified from different medicinal plants as endophytic fungi due to their ethnobotany and pharmaceutical applications [7][8][9][10][11][12] .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Untitled

2020

IJPSR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The objective of the present investigation was the bioprospection of pharmaceutically vital bioactive compounds from endophytic Thielaviopsis basicola with antagonistic and antioxidant activity isolated from Ximenia americana, Western Ghats of Karnataka, India. The fresh and healthy leaves and roots of Ximenia americana were collected from the forests of Western Ghats of Karnataka, India and submerged for the enumeration and Purification of fungal endophytes by using different media. Isolated fungal endophytes were processed for the bioprospection of pharmaceutically vital bioactive compounds by referring to standard protocols. At a glance, endophyte derived bioactive compounds were used in-vitro antagonistic and antioxidant activity. A total of 32 pure isolates were obtained, 8 morphologically distinct fungal endophytes were identified from 200 explants of X. americana. Endophytic Thielaviopsis basicola was a core candidate identified and cultivated in submerged fermentation in potato dextrose broth under the controlled condition at 25 ℃ ± 2℃ for 15 days in incubator shaker. From this fermented medium, 3.30 g of aqueous crude extract per 100 ml of potato dextrose broth was obtained by the solvent-solvent extraction method. The qualitative phytochemical analysis showed a broad spectrum of bioactive compounds such as alkaloids, terpenoids, flavonoids, phenols, tannins, and glycosides. It was found that the aqueous crude extract contains 23.0090 ± 0.04129 mg of phenol and 53.47 ± 0.88059 mg of flavonoids content. From these crude extract TBXA1 and TBXA2, two fractions were purified by column chromatography and spotted potent bioactive compounds on thin-layer chromatography. The FTIR data of TBXA1 and TBXA2 showed different functional groups such as alcohol, phenols, alkanes, alkenes, aromatic, alkyl halides, amines, ether, and nitrile. The TBXA1 exhibited prominent antagonistic activity and MIC against Staphylococcus aureus (24 mm with 100 µg/mL) and Candida albicans (22 mm with 75 µg/mL) while TBXA2 exhibited against Salmonella typhi (22 mm with 75 µg/mL) and Aspergillus fumigatus (18 mm with 75 µg/mL). The TBXA1 showed potent antioxidant activity (86.24 ± 0.35) with 5.26 µg/mL of IC 50 value as compared with TBXA2. This is the first innovative report of endophytic Thielaviopsis basicola for their phytochemicals detection and prominent in-vitro activities. INTRODUCTION: Nowadays, there is a need to search for novel bioactive compounds from natural sources because of the increased number of emerging diseases in the globe with their rapid development and spread of multidrug-resistant pathogens.

show abstract